BOLD fMRI in MR research to map learning histories

MR 研究中的 BOLD fMRI 绘制学习历史

• 批准号: 6680097
• 负责人: MICHAEL W. SCHLUND
• 金额: $ 8.05万
• 依托单位: HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-26 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6680097
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; clinical research; conditioning; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; learning; neural information processing; oxygen tension; reinforcer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Successful development and adaptation requires, in part, proper performances in terms of how to respond, when to respond, and what consequences may follow responding. Defining characteristics of developmental disabilities and mental retardation are deficits in responding appropriately to environmental stimuli associated with various contingencies. Primary among these are the learning requirements to reach proper levels of responding. To understand the neural substrates underlying learning processes in healthy adults, previous PET and fMRI investigations image brain regions during delivery of reinforcers or punishers. The extent to which similar brain regions are involved in discriminating among stimuli associated with different contingencies is unclear, but equally important to understanding the neural processes involved in learning. This application presents data from a preliminary investigation using BOLD fMRI to examine relations between a history of discrimination learning and neural patterns of activation in a small number of adult human subjects. Preliminary results show stimuli associated with a reinforcement contingency produced a wide range of activation patterns when contrasted with a stimulus not associated with a contingency. Before conducting studies comparing subjects with and without differing levels of mental retardation, the investigators need to replicate their preliminary work with a sufficient number of non-mental retardation subjects to determine the usefulness of the stimulus-based imaging approach in either differing between conditioning histories or identifying neural substrates that map these histories.

描述（由申请人提供）：成功的开发和适应性部分需要在如何做出响应，何时响应以及响应后可能产生什么后果。 定义发育障碍和智力低下的特征是对与各种突发事件相关的环境刺激的适当响应的缺陷。 其中的主要是学习要求，以达到适当的响应水平。 为了了解健康成年人中学习过程的神经底物，以前的PET和功能磁共振成像研究图像在加固或惩罚者交付过程中的图像大脑区域。 尚不清楚与不同意外相关的刺激之间涉及相似大脑区域的涉及刺激的程度，但对于理解学习中涉及的神经过程同样重要。 该应用程序通过BOLD FMRI提出了初步研究中的数据，以检查歧视学习史与少数成年人类受试者激活的神经模式之间的关系。 初步结果表明，与与偶然性无关的刺激形成对比时，与增强偶性相关的刺激产生了广泛的激活模式。 在进行研究以比较具有和没有不同智力智能水平的受试者的研究之前，研究人员需要使用足够数量的非心理迟缓受试者来复制其初步工作，以确定基于刺激的成像方法在调节历史或识别绘制这些历史学的神经基础之间的不同之处的基于刺激的成像方法的有用性。