SENSORIMOTOR INTEGRATION IN HUMAN POSTURAL CONTROL

人体姿势控制中的感觉运动整合

• 批准号: 6533865
• 负责人: Robert J Peterka
• 金额: $ 26.43万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-30 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6533865
• 关键词: balance; clinical research; human subject; neural information processing; posture; proprioception /kinesthesia; sensorimotor system; sensory discrimination

DESCRIPTION: (verbatim from the application) The long-term goal of this project is to understand how sensorimotor integration of proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular information contributes to postural stability in humans. A complete understanding of postural control requires knowledge of how balance is maintained when the sensory integration process is challenged by conditions that limit and/or alter the available sensory cues, and that alter body dynamics. The principal hypothesis of this proposal is that this integration process is actively regulated. To demonstrate and characterize this active regulation, the focus of the research is on postural responses associated with transitions which suddenly limit or restore orientation cues or suddenly change body dynamics. The proposed experiments are motivated by recently acquired data that demonstrate characteristic transient oscillatory body sway following environmental transitions which suddenly restore accurate orientation cues. Modeling studies suggest that the observed oscillatory behavior is caused by an over generation of corrective leg muscle torque. The rapid restoration of normal, non-oscillatory body sway suggests that a sensorimotor regulatory mechanism exists that is able to quickly reduce corrective torque to an appropriate level. Additionally, preliminary results indicate that this regulatory mechanism is present in subjects with bilaterally absent vestibular function, but that this mechanism is compromised, possibly making vestibular loss subjects more susceptible than normals to instability following environmental transitions which alter the available sensory orientation cues. There are two specific aims of the proposed work. The first aim is to characterize the properties of neural mechanisms that actively regulate the human postural control system to achieve optimal dynamic control of balance in changing environments. The second is to characterize nonlinear properties of the vestibular contribution to postural control, and to understand how this nonlinear behavior contributes to the sensorimotor integration process. The proposed research relies on a model-based approach to explain and predict postural behavior determined by sensorimotor regulatory mechanisms involved in the sensory integration process. Abnormalities involving the active regulation of sensorimotor integration and gain control may be an unrecognized source of instability and falls. A better understanding of these active regulatory processes may lead to new rehabilitation methods and improved clinical balance function tests.

描述：（逐字从应用程序中）这个项目的长期目标 是要了解本体感受，视觉和 前庭信息有助于人类的姿势稳定性。完整 了解姿势控制需要了解平衡的知识 当感觉整合过程受到条件挑战时保持 限制和/或更改可用的感官提示，并改变身体 动力学。该提议的主要假设是该整合 过程受到积极调节。演示和表征这个活动 调节，研究的重点是与 突然限制或恢复方向提示或突然改变的过渡 身体动态。 提出的实验是由最近获得的数据激励的 演示特征性瞬态振荡身体摇摆 环境转变突然恢复准确的方向提示。 建模研究表明，观察到的振荡行为是由 超过矫正腿部肌肉扭矩。快速恢复 正常的，非振荡的身体摇摆表明感觉运动调节 存在能够快速将纠正扭矩降低到一个的机制 适当的水平。此外，初步结果表明这是 调节机制存在于双侧缺乏前庭的受试者中 功能，但是这种机制被损害，可能使前庭 损失对象比正常人更容易受到不稳定的影响 环境转变改变了可用的感觉取向提示。 拟议的工作有两个具体的目标。第一个目的是 表征主动调节神经机制的特性 人类的姿势控制系统，以实现对平衡的最佳动态控制 改变环境。第二个是表征的非线性特性 前庭对姿势控制的贡献，并了解如何 非线性行为有助于感觉运动积分过程。这 拟议的研究依赖于基于模型的方法来解释和预测 由涉及的感觉运动调节机制确定的姿势行为 感官整合过程。 异常，涉及感官积分的主动调节和 收益控制可能是不识别的不稳定性和跌倒的来源。更好 了解这些主动监管过程可能会导致新的 康复方法和改进的临床平衡功能测试。