Sensorimotor Integration in Human Postural Control

人类姿势控制中的感觉运动整合

• 批准号: 7228896
• 负责人: Robert J Peterka
• 金额: $ 29.92万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-30 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7228896
• 关键词: Accounting; Anterior; Behavior; Bilateral; Biomechanics; Characteristics; Clinical; Complex; Condition; Cues; Data Set; Development; Discipline; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Feedback; Force of Gravity; Generations; Goals; Human; Human body; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Link; Medial; Mediating; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Muscle; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; Neuraxis; Performance; Principal Investigator; Process; Property; Reaction; Reflex action; Regulation; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Reliance; Research; Risk; Role; Rotation; Sensory; Source; Stimulus; Surface; Synaptic Transmission; System; Tendon structure; Testing; Time; Torque; Vestibular loss; Visual; Weight; Width; Work; base; behavior change; environmental change; falls; foot; programs; research study; response; sensory feedback; sensory integration; visual-vestibular; Accounting; Anterior; Behavior; Bilateral; Biomechanics; Characteristics; Clinical; Complex; Condition; Cues; Data Set; Development; Discipline; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Feedback; Force of Gravity; Generations; Goals; Human; Human body; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Link; Medial; Mediating; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Muscle; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; Neuraxis; Performance; Principal Investigator; Process; Property; Reaction; Reflex action; Regulation; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Reliance; Research; Risk; Role; Rotation; Sensory; Source; Stimulus; Surface; Synaptic Transmission; System; Tendon structure; Testing; Time; Torque; Vestibular loss; Visual; Weight; Width; Work; base; behavior change; environmental change; falls; foot; programs; research study; response; sensory feedback; sensory integration; visual-vestibular

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): T The long-term objective of this project is to understand how sensorimotor integration contributes to postural stability in humans. A complete understanding of postural control requires knowledge of how the central nervous system (CNS) integrates body-orientation information from multiple sensory sources to generate appropriate balance corrections in response to changing environmental conditions and how biomechanics influence the use of sensory information for postural control. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that the CNS actively regulates sensory integration to achieve optimal dynamic control of balance in environments that alter the available sensory-orientation information and in conditions where biomechanical factors constrain body motion and alter stability limits. The proposed work has three specific aims. The first aim is to identify the passive, biomechanically related and active, neurally-mediated contributions to the generation of balance corrections required for balance control in the sagittal plane. Passive and active mechanisms will be distinguished from one another based on the timing of body-sway responses evoked by continuous perturbations to balance. The postural control system will also be challenged by artificially delaying the arrival of sensory-orientation information to determine how subjects compensate for delayed sensory feedback. The second aim is to determine the ability of the postural control system to integrate multiple sources of sensory-orientation information. The hypothesis is that sensory integration is achieved by a weighted combination of sensory cues, the weighting factors change as a function of environmental and biomechanical conditions, and the selection of weighting factors is determined by an optimal-control strategy. The third aim is to characterize the sensorimotor integration strategies used for the control of body sway in the frontal plane and to determine how biomechanical constraints due to changes in stance width influence the sensorimotor-integration process. The proposed research relies on a model-based approach to explain and to predict postural behavior in a variety of environments and experimental conditions. Methodology developed in engineering disciplines for system identification will be used extensively. Abnormalities involving the active regulation of sensorimotor integration may be an unrecognized source of instability and falls. A better understanding of these active regulatory processes may lead to new rehabilitative methods and new clinical balance-function tests.

描述（由申请人提供）：t 该项目的长期目标是了解感觉运动整合如何有助于人类的姿势稳定性。对姿势控制的完全理解需要了解中枢神经系统（CNS）如何整合来自多个感觉源的身体定向信息，以响应不断变化的环境条件以及生物力学如何影响感觉信息对姿势控制的使用，从而产生适当的平衡校正。该提案的中心假设是，中枢神经系统会积极调节感觉整合，以实现对改变可用的感觉取向信息以及生物力学因素限制身体运动和改变稳定性限制的环境中平衡的最佳动态控制。 拟议的工作具有三个具体目标。第一个目的是确定对矢状平面平衡控制所需的平衡校正产生的被动，生物力学相关和主动的，神经介导的贡献。被动和主动的机制将根据连续扰动以平衡的身体响应的时机彼此区分。姿势控制系统还将通过人为地延迟感官方向信息的到来来挑战，以确定受试者如何补偿延迟的感觉反馈。第二个目的是确定姿势控制系统整合多个感觉方向信息来源的能力。假设是，感觉整合是通过感觉线索的加权组合，加权因子随环境和生物力学条件的函数而变化的，而加权因子的选择是由最佳控制策略确定的。第三个目的是表征用于控制额平面中身体摇摆的感觉运动积分策略，并确定由于姿态宽度变化而导致的生物力学约束如何影响感觉运动整合过程。 拟议的研究依赖于一种基于模型的方法来解释和预测各种环境和实验条件下的姿势行为。在工程学科中开发的用于系统识别的方法将被广泛使用。 涉及感官积分的主动调节的异常可能是不识别的不稳定性和跌倒的来源。更好地了解这些主动调节过程可能会导致新的康复方法和新的临床平衡功能测试。