FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF EMOTION AS RELATED TO ALCOHOLISM

与酗酒相关的情绪功能磁共振成像

• 批准号: 6431363
• 负责人: Daniel W Hommer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6431363
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; amygdala; clinical research; entorhinal cortex; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; neurophysiology; nucleus accumbens; olfactions; olfactory stimulus; positron emission tomography

Much of the recent work in the neurobiology of emotion has divided emotion into two categories of positive and negative emotion. Positive emotions involving high levels of arousal often occur in the context of the anticipation of reward, while negative emotions involving high levels of arousal often occur in the context of the anticipation of punishment. Thus, we have sought to characterize neural activity associated with the anticipation of rewards and punishments. Comparative studies have implicated a ventral forebrain dopaminergic path in the anticipation of reward. We aimed primarily to replicate our work from FY 1999, which verified activation of these areas during monetarily rewarded approach and avoidance behavior in humans. In addition, we examined whether these ventral forebrain areas were activated prior to motor behavior, specifically, during anticipation of reward and punishment, as opposed to during responses for reward and punishment. Twelve healthy right-handed females (age 20-40) participated in 10-minute approach and active avoidance tasks in counterbalanced order. During the approach task, subjects saw a cue indicating that they could either win money or not, waited a variable delay, and then pressed a button in response presentation of a target. If subjects responded before the target following the reward cue disappeared, they won $1.00, whereas their response to the neutral target did not affect their total. During the active avoidance task, subjects were given $20.00 and responded to targets that followed either a punishment cue or a neutral cue. If they failed to respond before the disappearance of the target following the punishment cue, they lost $1.00, whereas their response to the neutral target again did not affect their total. 200 T2*-weighted gradient echoplanar MR volumes depicting BOLD-contrast were acquired using a 1.5 Tesla GE Signa System. The volume consisted of 10 slices spanning the corpus callosum (voxel size; 3.8 X 3.8 X 7.0 mm, TR: 3000 ms). After correcting for in-plane motion, individual voxel activations were correlated with an ideal waveform corresponding to the expected activation time course using AFNI. The ideal waveform consisted of the task On-Off waveform convoluted with the hemodynamic response function. Significant voxels (r > .30, p < .0001) were highlighted on the functional images. Similar to results found in our previous male sample, group analysis indicated that anticipation of reward activated striatal areas (caudate, putamen) and mesial forebrain areas (anterior cingulate, mesial prefrontal cortex, and thalamic regions). Anticipation of punishment also activated these regions relative to anticipation of no monetary outcome. However, anticipation of reward but not punishment produced activation in the left nucleus accumbens and regions of the medial forebrain bundle near the ventral tegmental area. These results extend our previous findings with men and suggest that projections from the ventral tegmental area including the nucleus accumbens may play a selective role in the anticipation of reward.

情绪神经生物学的最新工作将情绪分为两类积极和负面情绪。涉及高水平唤醒的积极情绪通常是在预期奖励的背景下发生的，而涉及高水平唤醒的负面情绪经常发生在惩罚的期待。因此，我们试图表征与预期奖励和惩罚相关的神经活动。比较研究暗示了腹侧多巴胺能路径的预期。我们的目的主要是复制1999财年的工作，该公司在人类的金钱奖励方法和回避行为中验证了这些领域的激活。此外，我们检查了这些腹前脑在运动行为之前是否被激活，特别是在预期奖励和惩罚期间，而不是在回应期间进行奖励和惩罚。十二名健康的右手女性（20-40岁）参加了10分钟的方法，并以平衡的顺序进行了积极的回避任务。在进近任务期间，受试者看到了一个提示，表明他们可以赢得金钱，等待可变的延迟，然后按下一个按钮以响应目标的表示。如果受试者在奖励提示后的目标之前做出反应，他们赢得了1.00美元，而对中立目标的反应不会影响他们的总数。在主动避免任务期间，给受试者的$ 20.00，并对遵循惩罚提示或中性提示的目标做出了反应。如果他们在惩罚提示后未能在目标失踪之前做出回应，他们损失了1.00美元，而他们对中性目标的反应也不会影响他们的总数。使用1.5 Tesla GE Signa系统获得了200 T2* - 加权梯度回波型MR卷，描绘了大胆对比。该卷由跨越call体的10片组成（体素大小； 3.8 x 3.8 x 7.0 mm，TR：3000 ms）。校正面内运动后，单个体素激活与对应于使用AFNI的预期激活时间过程的理想波形相关。理想的波形由与血液动力学响应函数卷曲的任务上的波形组成。在功能图像上突出显示了重要的体素（R> .30，p <.0001）。与我们以前的男性样本中发现的结果相似，小组分析表明，对奖励激活的纹状体区域（尾状，鬼盘）和中脑前脑区域（前扣带回，介体前额叶皮层和丘脑区域）的预期。惩罚的预期还激活了这些地区，相对于没有货币结果的预期。然而，对奖励但没有惩罚的期望会在腹侧前束区域附近的内侧前脑束的左核和区域产生激活。这些结果扩展了我们先前的发现与男性的发现，并建议包括腹侧盖核区域的预测在预期奖励中可能发挥选择性作用。