EEG STUDIES OF ELECTROMOTIVE GENERATORS AFFECTED BY ALCOHOL

受酒精影响的发电机的脑电图研究

• 批准号: 6097554
• 负责人: Daniel W Hommer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6097554
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; brain electrical activity; clinical research; electroencephalography; ethanol; evoked potentials; head; human subject; mathematical model; method development; neural information processing; neuropharmacology; physical model; sensory mechanism

The electrophysiological arm of the Section of Brain Imaging and Electrophysiology continues to make significant methodological advances in stimulus generation, control, and presentation within multiple sense modalities. Any sensory event, which can be digitally stored (including sounds, visual images, tactile patterns, etc.), can now be presented in complete synchrony with the continuous EEG acquisition. We have also written C code for dynamically updating the identity of a specified stimulus in a predefined sequence. This dynamic updating allows each pre-specified stimulus sequence to be uniquely altered based upon the response history of each individual subject. All subject responses can be logged at any point within the sequence of stimulus presentation; not just at predefined "response intervals". This enables us to look at complex patterns of responding that may be useful in characterizing groups of individuals with different response profiles in tasks of varying cognitive demand. Additionally, this code is being modified for use in fMRI protocols so that we can run identical versions of tasks in the electrophysiology and fMRI/PET settings. Work has begun using the code mentioned above in a multisensory psychophysics task where the intensity of stimuli presented in different sensory modalities is being matched for each individual subject. Multisensory magnitude matching is necessary to more precisely probe the functional organization of the proposed multisensory attention system. This is done by quantitatively manipulating the perceptual salience of stimuli presented in nonattended or ignored sensory modalities. The resulting data regarding the quantitative reciprocity of processing across sensory modalities as a function of selective attention will allow us to ultimately address questions of selective processing and imperviousness to distraction in a more general way than looking within one sensory system alone. An inability to filter out distracting information is thought to be a component of behavioral impulsivity and these multisensory techniques may enable us to more precisely characterize subtypes of impulsive individuals. A multisensory analysis will also facilitate a more general understanding of brain areas that are the sites of convergence of inputs from multiple sensory pathways. These sites include the arcuate sulcus and the superior temporal gyrus. We are actively pursuing analytic strategies to co-register the electrode array data with that of structural MRI and functional blood flow data within a common coordinate system. By recording from spatially dense arrays of electrodes on the surface of the head, the fine temporal information obtained from EEG/ERP techniques can be combined with the fine spatial information of imaging modalities such as PET and fMRI to construct true spatio-temporal models of neural networks underlying cognitive phenomena. It is necessary to augment the electrophysiological data that we have collected using multisensory selective attention tasks with imaging data in order to more precisely visualize and characterize the multisensory processing areas mentioned above. The use of imaging modalities will allow us to verify the activation of these multisensory areas of the brain and the use of EEG/ERP techniques enables us to determine when these areas become activated and produce a model of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the neural network which underlies selective processing of stimuli across sensory modalities. Once a model of normal multisensory selective processing has been validated we can look at different patterns of disruptions in individuals who exhibit impulse control problems to aid in identifying the source of these disruptions.

电生理科的部门 脑成像和电生理学继续发挥重要作用 刺激产生、控制和刺激的方法论进展 多种感官模式中的呈现。任何感官事件， 可以数字化存储（包括声音、视觉图像、 触觉模式等），现在可以完全同步呈现 随着脑电图的连续采集。我们还写了C代码 用于动态更新指定刺激的身份 预定义的序列。这种动态更新允许每个 预先指定的刺激序列将根据 每个受试者的反应历史。所有科目 可以在序列中的任何点记录响应 刺激呈现；不仅仅是在预定义的“响应间隔”。 这使我们能够观察复杂的响应模式，这些模式可能 可用于描述具有不同特征的个体群体 不同认知需求的任务中的反应概况。 此外，该代码正在被修改以用于 fMRI 协议 这样我们就可以在 电生理学和功能磁共振成像/PET 设置。工作已开始使用 上面提到的多感官心理物理学任务中的代码 不同感官呈现的刺激强度 正在为每个单独的主题匹配模式。 多感官幅度匹配对于更精确地进行是必要的 探究所提出的多感官的功能组织 注意力系统。这是通过定量操作来完成的 无人注意或被忽视的刺激的感知显着性 感觉方式。有关定量的结果数据 跨感觉模式的处理的交互性作为函数 选择性关注将使我们能够最终解决以下问题： 选择性处理和不受干扰 比单独观察一个感觉系统更通用的方法。一个 无法过滤掉分散注意力的信息被认为是 行为冲动和这些多感官的组成部分 技术可以使我们更准确地描述亚型 冲动的人。多感官分析也将有助于 对大脑区域有更全面的了解 来自多个感觉通路的输入的汇聚。这些网站 包括弓状沟和颞上回。我们是 积极寻求分析策略来共同配准电极 具有结构 MRI 和功能血流数据的阵列数据 共同坐标系内的数据。通过录制来自 头部表面空间密集的电极阵列 从 EEG/ERP 技术获得的精细时间信息可以 与成像方式的精细空间信息相结合 例如 PET 和 fMRI 来构建真实的时空模型 认知现象背后的神经网络。有必要 增强我们收集的电生理数据 使用成像数据进行多感官选择性注意任务，以便 更精确地可视化和表征多感官 上述加工领域。成像方式的使用 将使我们能够验证这些多感官区域的激活 大脑和 EEG/ERP 技术的使用使我们能够 确定这些区域何时被激活并生成模型 神经网络的时空动力学 是跨感官模式选择性处理刺激的基础。 一旦建立了正常的多感官选择性处理模型 经过验证，我们可以看看不同的中断模式 表现出冲动控制问题的个人需要帮助 确定这些干扰的根源。