EEG STUDIES OF ELECTROMOTIVE GENERATORS AFFECTED BY ALCOHOL

受酒精影响的发电机的脑电图研究

• 批准号: 6097554
• 负责人: Daniel W Hommer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6097554
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; brain electrical activity; clinical research; electroencephalography; ethanol; evoked potentials; head; human subject; mathematical model; method development; neural information processing; neuropharmacology; physical model; sensory mechanism

The electrophysiological arm of the Section of Brain Imaging and Electrophysiology continues to make significant methodological advances in stimulus generation, control, and presentation within multiple sense modalities. Any sensory event, which can be digitally stored (including sounds, visual images, tactile patterns, etc.), can now be presented in complete synchrony with the continuous EEG acquisition. We have also written C code for dynamically updating the identity of a specified stimulus in a predefined sequence. This dynamic updating allows each pre-specified stimulus sequence to be uniquely altered based upon the response history of each individual subject. All subject responses can be logged at any point within the sequence of stimulus presentation; not just at predefined "response intervals". This enables us to look at complex patterns of responding that may be useful in characterizing groups of individuals with different response profiles in tasks of varying cognitive demand. Additionally, this code is being modified for use in fMRI protocols so that we can run identical versions of tasks in the electrophysiology and fMRI/PET settings. Work has begun using the code mentioned above in a multisensory psychophysics task where the intensity of stimuli presented in different sensory modalities is being matched for each individual subject. Multisensory magnitude matching is necessary to more precisely probe the functional organization of the proposed multisensory attention system. This is done by quantitatively manipulating the perceptual salience of stimuli presented in nonattended or ignored sensory modalities. The resulting data regarding the quantitative reciprocity of processing across sensory modalities as a function of selective attention will allow us to ultimately address questions of selective processing and imperviousness to distraction in a more general way than looking within one sensory system alone. An inability to filter out distracting information is thought to be a component of behavioral impulsivity and these multisensory techniques may enable us to more precisely characterize subtypes of impulsive individuals. A multisensory analysis will also facilitate a more general understanding of brain areas that are the sites of convergence of inputs from multiple sensory pathways. These sites include the arcuate sulcus and the superior temporal gyrus. We are actively pursuing analytic strategies to co-register the electrode array data with that of structural MRI and functional blood flow data within a common coordinate system. By recording from spatially dense arrays of electrodes on the surface of the head, the fine temporal information obtained from EEG/ERP techniques can be combined with the fine spatial information of imaging modalities such as PET and fMRI to construct true spatio-temporal models of neural networks underlying cognitive phenomena. It is necessary to augment the electrophysiological data that we have collected using multisensory selective attention tasks with imaging data in order to more precisely visualize and characterize the multisensory processing areas mentioned above. The use of imaging modalities will allow us to verify the activation of these multisensory areas of the brain and the use of EEG/ERP techniques enables us to determine when these areas become activated and produce a model of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the neural network which underlies selective processing of stimuli across sensory modalities. Once a model of normal multisensory selective processing has been validated we can look at different patterns of disruptions in individuals who exhibit impulse control problems to aid in identifying the source of these disruptions.

该部分的电生理臂 脑成像和电生理学继续显着 刺激产生，控制和 在多种意义上的表达方式。任何感官事件， 可以数字存储（包括声音，视觉图像， 触觉图案等）现在可以完全同步显示 与持续的脑电图获取。我们还编写了C代码 用于动态更新A中指定刺激的身份 预定义的序列。这种动态更新允许每个更新 预先指定的刺激序列是根据 每个主题的响应历史。所有主题 可以在序列中的任何点记录响应 刺激表现；不仅在预定义的“响应间隔”上。 这使我们能够查看响应的复杂模式 在表征有不同的个体的群体中有用 不同认知需求的任务中的响应概况。 此外，该代码正在修改以用于fMRI协议中 这样我们就可以在 电生理学和fMRI/宠物设置。工作已经开始使用 多感觉心理物理学任务中提到的代码 其中刺激强度以不同的感觉呈现 每个主题正在匹配模式。 需要更精确地匹配多感官 探测提出的多感觉的功能组织 注意系统。这是通过定量操纵的 在无人看管或忽略中提出的刺激的感知显着性 感官方式。有关定量的结果数据 跨感官方式处理的互惠性 选择性关注将使我们最终解决 选择性处理和不透露局部分散注意力 一般的方式比仅在一个感官系统中查看。一个 无法过滤分散注意力的信息被认为是 行为冲动的组成部分和这些多感官 技术可能使我们能够更精确地表征 冲动的人。多感官分析也将促进 对大脑区域的更一般性理解是 来自多个感觉途径的输入的收敛。这些站点 包括弧形沟和上颞回。我们是 积极追求分析策略以共同注册电极 带有结构MRI和功能性血流的阵列数据 公共坐标系中的数据。通过录制 头部表面上的空间密集的电极阵列， 从EEG/ERP技术获得的精细时间信息可以 与成像方式的精细空间信息结合在一起 例如PET和FMRI来构建真正的时空模型 认知现象的基础神经网络。有必要 增强我们使用的电生理数据 具有成像数据的多感官选择性注意任务 更精确地可视化和表征多感官 上面提到的处理区域。成像方式的使用 将使我们能够验证这些多感官领域的激活 脑电图/ERP技术的大脑和使用使我们能够 确定何时激活这些区域并产生模型 神经网络的时空动力学 基础跨感觉方式对刺激的选择性处理。 一旦普通多感官选择性处理的模型已成为 经过验证，我们可以查看中断的不同模式 表现出冲动控制问题以帮助进来的个人 确定这些破坏的来源。