COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PRIMATE SPATIAL COGNITION AND MEMORY

灵长类空间认知和记忆的比较研究

• 批准号: 6354101
• 负责人: CHARLES R MENZEL
• 金额: $ 7.91万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6354101
• 关键词: Cebidae; Macaca mulatta; Pan; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; cognition; computer simulation; cues; memory; paralinguistic behavior; space perception

Comparative studies of primate spatial cognition and memory. The first aim of this research is to determine some of the information that chimpanzees recall and convey about the nature, location and temporal availability of objects in outdoor environments. The research will obtain measures of recall that are independent of an animal's path of travel. Four chimpanzees will be tested. The animals are uniquely well-suited for studies of recall memory. They have learned arbitrary visual symbols (lexigrams) that refer to foods and other objects, and some can use the lexigrams outside the context in which they originally encountered the objects. The following method will be used to assess recall. An animal sees an experimenter place an object in an outdoor location. Later, in its indoor cage, the animal can indicate to uninformed person the type and location of outdoor location. Later, in its indoor cage. the animal an indicate to an uninformed person the type and location of the object. Delays between the cue-diving and response phases of the trial will range up to 4 weeks. The ability to recall information about features of the environment not present to the senses is important in human thinking, planning and communication, but to date there are almost no data on recall memory capabilities in non-verbal animals. The second aim of this research is to study the movements of capuchins, macaques and chimpanzees in computer-presented foraging, barrier and maze tasks. Tasks that an animal can solve in an outdoor enclosure will be modeled for presentation to that animal in a digital format. Animals will move a joystick to make a cursor hit a target on a computer monitor. In one study, barriers and/or targets will disappear as soon as the animal beings to move. Questions are how much detail the animal members about the positions of targets, landmarks, and barriers, and how efficient its route is. Each animal's route will be compared on a jump by jump basis to an optima routing. In a further study, barriers and targets will remain visible during trials. To assess planning ahead, eye movement swill be analyzed. Planning during initial solutions of novel mazes by maze-naive capuchins, macaques, and chimpanzees will be studies. The development of planning over a series of mazes will be examined, in accord with Bidell & Fischer's theory of the development of planning skills.

灵长类动物空间认知和记忆的比较研究。这项研究的第一个目的是确定黑猩猩回忆和传达有关室外环境中物体的性质，位置和时间可用性的一些信息。该研究将获得独立于动物的旅行路径的召回措施。将测试四个黑猩猩。这些动物非常适合用于召回记忆的研究。他们学习了指的是指代食品和其他物体的任意视觉符号（Lexigrams），有些人可以在最初遇到的物体的上下文之外使用lexigrams。 以下方法将用于评估召回。动物看到实验者将物体放在室外位置。后来，在室内笼子里，该动物可以向不知情的人表示室外位置的类型和位置。后来，在室内笼子里。动物向不知情的人表示物体的类型和位置。试验的提示潜水和响应阶段之间的延迟范围为4周。回忆有关不存在感官的环境特征的信息的能力在人类的思维，计划和交流中很重要，但是迄今为止，几乎没有关于非语言动物的回忆记忆能力的数据。这项研究的第二个目的是研究在计算机呈现的觅食，障碍和迷宫任务中卷尾卷，猕猴和黑猩猩的运动。动物可以在室外围栏中解决的任务将建模，以以数字格式向该动物展示。动物将移动操纵杆，使光标击中计算机显示器上的目标。在一项研究中，障碍和/或目标将在动物群体移动后立即消失。问题是动物成员有关目标，地标和障碍的位置的详细信息，以及其路线的效率。每种动物的路线将以跳跃的跳跃与最佳路由进行比较。在进一步的研究中，试验期间将保持障碍和目标。为了评估提前的计划，要分析眼动动。在迷宫中，猕猴，猕猴和黑猩猩的新型迷宫解决方案中的规划将是研究。根据Bidell＆Fischer的规划技能发展理论，将检查一系列迷宫的计划的制定。