Studies of chimpanzee spatial cognition and foraging

黑猩猩空间认知和觅食的研究

• 批准号: 7490991
• 负责人: CHARLES R MENZEL
• 金额: $ 18.06万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7490991
• 关键词: Animal Model; Animals; Area; Child; Cognition; Communication; Data; Dimensions; Distant; Environment; Episodic memory; Event; Goals; Health Benefit; Human; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Learning; Location; Memory; Methods; Pan Genus; Pan troglodytes; Primates; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Resources; Solutions; Space Perception; System; Technology; Thinking; Time; Visit; base; food resource; improved; memory recall; meter; skills

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For humans, the ability to recall environmental features and past events underlies thinking, planning, and communication, but there are almost no data on recall capabilities in nonverbal animals. Data on the upper limits of recall capabilities in chimpanzees, and on the factors that limit recall, will lead to a more detailed understanding of the similarities and differences between human and nonhuman memory systems to improved animal models of recall memory. The long-term objective of this project is to characterize recall memory capabilities of chimpanzees that underlie communication about the environment and that contribute to the solution of foraging problems. Specific Aim 1 is to assess chimpanzees' recall memory of multiple features of an event. Hypothesis 1: Chimpanzees are capable of episodic memory, as evidenced by their ability to recall and communicate what they saw, where they saw it, who was involved, and features of any objects employed. Specific Aim 2 is to determine which of these different types of information a chimpanzee can recall and convey about a past event at a single reporting session. Hypothesis 2: Chimpanzees can convey multiple features (dimensions) of a past event in a fairly detailed report during a single trial. Specific Aim 3 is to characterize chimpanzees' recall and representational memory of large-scale space. Hypothesis 3: Chimpanzees are capable of recalling and communicating the types and locations of objects in large-scale space, as indicated by: a) their ability to use an artificial language (lexigrams) to learn where distant goal objects are located, and b) their ability to use lexigrams to report the locations of goal objects that are in areas that are completely out of view. Specific Aim 4 is to characterize chimpanzees' ability to recall, rank order, and sequentially visit multiple food resources over a wide spatial area. Hypothesis 4: Chimpanzees rank-order the expected value of multiple distant resources based on quality, quantity, proximity, visibility, and time of occurrence, and then visit the resources sequentially according to their ranking. The research will increase scientific knowledge of basic memory and planning capabilities in primates. Public health benefits of the research are expected to include improved technologies and methods for studying and enhancing memory, planning, communication, and spatial orientation skills in normal and developmentally delayed children.

描述（由申请人提供）：对于人类，召回环境特征和过去事件的能力是思维，计划和沟通的基础，但几乎没有关于非语言动物召回能力的数据。关于黑猩猩召回能力的上限以及限制召回因素的数据，将使人们对人类和非人类记忆系统之间的相似性和差异有更详细的了解，以改善召回记忆的动物模型。该项目的长期目标是表征黑猩猩的回忆记忆能力，这些记忆能力是关于环境的交流，并有助于解决觅食问题的解决方案。具体目的1是评估黑猩猩对事件多个特征的回忆记忆。假设1：黑猩猩能够具有情节性记忆，这是他们回忆和传达所看到和传达所看到的东西，看到它，参与其中的人以及所使用的任何物体的特征的能力所证明的。具体目的2是确定黑猩猩可以回忆起哪些类型的信息中的哪种信息，并在一次报告会议上传达了过去的事件。假设2：黑猩猩可以在一次试验期间的一份相当详细的报告中传达过去事件的多个特征（维度）。具体目的3是表征黑猩猩的回忆和大规模空间的代表性记忆。假设3：黑猩猩能够回顾和交流大规模空间中物体的类型和位置，如以下方式：特定目的4是表征黑猩猩回忆，排名和在广泛的空间区域中依次访问多个食品资源的能力。假设4：黑猩猩排序基于质量，数量，邻近性，可见性和发生时间的多个遥远资源的预期价值，然后根据其排名依次访问资源。该研究将增加对灵长类动物的基本记忆和计划能力的科学知识。预计该研究的公共卫生益处将包括改进的技术和方法，用于研究和增强正常和发育延迟的儿童的记忆，计划，沟通和空间取向技能。