The Terra-correlator: A computing facility for massive real-time data assimilation in environmental science

Terra-correlator：环境科学中用于大规模实时数据同化的计算设施

基本信息

批准号：
NE/L012979/1
负责人：
Ian Main
金额：
$ 37.93万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL012979%2F1
关键词：
Terra correlator computing facility massive

项目摘要

1. Seismic interferometry: Seismologists have traditionally explored the Earth by measuring, analysing and modelling signals generated naturally by earthquakes, or deliberately by man-made sources. Since 2003, several authors derived new methods based on cross-correlation of seismograms that allowed similar information to be obtained in the absence of impulsive events - from the Earth's ambient fluctuations, previously regarded as noise. Current global data sets can be used to produce Earth impulse responses of ~20kB size every two hours, or up to 2TB of output data per day, the bulk of this providing completely new information. This will be done on node 1. The output will then be data-mined continuously and in parallel to extract near-real time information about subsurface changes for forecasting purposes. This requires additional near-real time correlations in time-lapse mode, pattern matching, and other methods of analysis and modelling to be applied on a separate node (node 2), tied to a portal that will ensure such analysis and any forecasts of future behaviour or events (say a volcanic eruption following a seismic velocity change) is verifiably done in advance of the real event time, removing at a stroke perennial problems with retrospective selection bias when analysing forecast quality based on past data.2. Earth system science: (a) A recurring challenge is to analyse direct Earth observation, satellite and model data with data- and compute-intensive processing for uncertainty analyses and parameter-space exploration. The new facility will be used to produce estimates of carbon stocks and fluxes with confidence intervals over the period 2000-2013. Ultimately our UK runs at 1 km2 may be used to generate near-real time analyses of GHG emissions that are likely to be useful for policy makers. The information content of planned EO missions, such as ESA's BIOMASS mission, will also be explored in observing system simulation experiments. ( b) Many of our typical current analyses of the performance of climate models in comparison with the outcome are constrained by reading in data multiple times, due to lack of memory. We will analyse NOAA data to find extreme events at much higher resolution than before of 25km globally, to research the mechanisms and characteristic signatures of extreme precipitation events. 3. High-resolution real time monitoring of deformation and fluid flow in porous rocks: X-ray C-T (computer-tomography) imaging is computationally intensive in a range of applications, but a very large amount of post-processing is required by the operator to tune the resulting image, notably to separate pore space from the solid phase. Time-lapse measurements open up the possibility of tracking fluid flow in fractures or pores, or observing deformation at unprecedented resolution by tracking (cross-correlating) particle movements. Accordingly the infrastructure overhead used in the first two applications will be used to make such analysis possible in a 'live' experiment, in support of on-going experimental and modelling work in rock physics, initially focussed on carbonates.

1。地震干涉法：传统上，地震学家通过测量，分析和建模信号自然地通过地震产生，或者是由人造来源来探索地球的。自2003年以来，几位作者根据地震图的互相关得出了新方法，这些方法允许在没有冲动事件的情况下获得类似信息 - 从地球的环境波动中，以前被视为噪声。当前的全局数据集可用于每两个小时产生〜20KB大小的地球脉冲响应，或每天最多2TB的输出数据，其中大部分提供了全新的信息。这将在节点1上完成。然后，输出将连续进行数据开采，并并行，以提取有关预测目的的地下更改的近实时间信息。这需要在延时模式，模式匹配和其他分析和建模方法中进行额外的近乎真实的时间相关性，并将其应用于单独的节点（节点2）（节点2），并绑定到门户网站，该门户将确保此类分析和未来的任何预测行为或事件（例如，地震速度变化后的火山喷发）在实际事件时间之前可以确定地完成，在基于过去的数据分析预测质量时，以回顾性选择偏见为中风多年生问题。2。地球系统科学：（a）反复出现的挑战是分析直接的地球观察，卫星和模型数据，并使用数据和计算密集型处理进行不确定性分析和参数空间探索。新设施将用于在2000-2013期间以置信区间的碳量和通量估计。最终，我们的英国以1 km2的速度运行，可以用于对可能对政策制定者有用的温室气体排放进行近乎真实的时间分析。在观察系统仿真实验中，还将探讨计划的EO任务的信息内容，例如ESA的生物质任务。（b）与结果相比，我们对气候模型性能性能的许多典型当前分析受到多次读数的限制。我们将分析NOAA数据，以比全球25公里以前更高的分辨率找到极端事件，以研究极端降水事件的机制和特征特征。 3。多孔岩石中的变形和流体流的高分辨率实时监测：X射线C-T（计算机摄影）成像在一系列应用中是计算密集的，但是操作员需要大量后处理调整所得图像，特别是将孔隙空间与固相分开。延时测量可以通过跟踪（互相关）的粒子运动来跟踪裂缝或毛孔中流体流动流的可能性，或者在空前的分辨率下观察变形。因此，在前两个应用中使用的基础架构开销将用于在“实时”实验中实现此类分析，以支持岩石物理学中正在进行的实验和建模工作，最初集中在碳酸盐上。