SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENT STUDIES

眼球扫视运动研究

• 批准号: 6116310
• 负责人: Chris R. S. Kaneko
• 金额: $ 8.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6116310
• 关键词: Mammalia; Primates; nervous system; psychology

The ultimate goal of our work is to understand how the brain functions. We concentrate on the output, or motor portions of brain function, using the oculomotor system as a model. Our recent studies of saccadic eye movements (the quick, step-like scanning eye movements we use to "look at" our visual world) have revealed new details about how saccades are programmed by the neural saccade generator. Specifically, we showed that the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (nph) and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal cannot provide an internal control signal (local feedback) that specifies the correct saccade size. The neural integrator is an hypothesized nucleus that converts velocity-coded commands into eye-position discharge and thus integrates the signals in a mathematical sense. We also showed that the nph (the putative neural integrator) produces the oculomotor command signals to produce steady gaze at eccentric eye positions but cannot be used to supply eye-position or eye-velocity feedback to control saccade trajectory. Thus, current models must be revised to account for our recent results. These studies are basic to the differential neurological diagnosis based on eye-movement deficits now commonly used as well as to our understanding of oculomotor processes. In addition, they serve as a platform for studies of more complex aspects of central nervous system function, such as the interaction between motor systems (e.g., eye and head during orientation) or sensory and motor systems (e.g., the visual and oculomotor systems) as well as more abstract functions such as attention and memory.

我们工作的最终目标是了解大脑的功能。 我们使用眼动系统作为模型，将注意力集中在大脑功能的输出或运动部分。 我们最近对SACCADIC眼动的研究（我们用来“看“视觉世界”的快速，渐进的扫描眼运动）揭示了有关神经扫视生成器如何编程扫视的新细节。 具体而言，我们证明了provesitus provepositus hypoglossi（NPH）和Cajal的间质核不能提供指定正确扫视尺寸的内部控制信号（局部反馈）。 神经积分器是一种假设的核，将速度编码的命令转换为眼睛位置排放，从而以数学意义将信号整合在一起。 我们还表明，NPH（推定的神经积分器）产生眼动命令信号，以在偏心的眼睛位置产生稳定的凝视，但不能用于提供眼位置或眼睛效率反馈以控制扫视轨迹。 因此，必须修改当前的模型以说明我们最近的结果。 这些研究是基于目前常用的眼动缺陷以及我们对眼动过程的理解的基础神经诊断的基础。 此外，它们还可以作为研究中枢神经系统功能更复杂方面的平台，例如运动系统（例如，眼睛和头部在方向）之间的相互作用，感觉和运动系统（例如，视觉和眼动物系统）以及更多的抽象功能，例如注意力和记忆。