SUPRANUCLEAR CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS

眼球运动的超核控制

• 批准号: 3257717
• 负责人: JOHN R HOTSON
• 金额: $ 9.35万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-07-01 至 1992-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3257717
• 关键词: cats; eye movement disorders; eye movements; human subject; nervous system disorder diagnosis; neural degeneration; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; neurotoxins; oculomotor nuclei; vision tests; visual fixation; visual tracking

This Research Plan seeks to provide new information about the effect of degenerative disease, aging, and disorders of neurotransmission on visual fixation and the vertical saccade systems. The information obtained may provide new, diagnostic probes for the detection and quantification of supranuclear disorders of eye movements. In addition, it may add to developing concepts about the pharmacologic treatment of oculomotor disorders. One study investigates the possibility that the selective vunerability of vertical saccades to degenerative disorders, such as Huntingon Disease, is due to a combined discruption of the ascending and descending inputs needed to initiate these vertical movements. Similarly, measurements of vertical saccades may differentiate between Huntingon Disease and nondegenerative choreiform movements disorders. A series of studies continue investigations of the effect of anatomic disorders on visual fixation. For example, choreiform disorders may produce miniature slow drift chorea during fixation. It is also proposed that drug-induced, primary position, downbeat nystagmus is due to an enhancement of the vertical asymmetries of slow drift sporadically observed in normal subjects. An in vivo chronic study of cats tests the omnipause postulate of ocular flutter. If the postulate is true then selectively injuring the omnipause cells with kainic acid may produce spontaneous ocular flutter. A unique study has also presented itself in Northern California. Eight individuals have exposed themselves to a neurotoxin that selectively kills cells in the substantial nigra and produces Parkinson's Disease. This pure hypodopaminergic model in humans can test the effect of dopamine depletion and replacement on the saccade, pursuit, and fixation eye movement systems without the complicating multisystem degeneration commonly found in naturally occurring Parkinson's Symptom Complex. All of these studies have the unifying goal to provide new information about the oculomotor systems that may be of diagnostic or therapeutic value in the clinical setting.

该研究计划旨在提供有关影响的新信息 视觉上神经传递的退化性疾病，衰老和疾病 固定和垂直扫视系统。 获得的信息可能 为检测和量化提供新的诊断探针 眼睛运动的上核疾病。 另外，它可能会添加到 开发有关动眼药物治疗的概念 疾病。 一项研究调查了选择性的可选择性的可能性 垂直扫视到退化性疾病，例如亨廷顿疾病，是 由于所需的上升和下降输入的批判 启动这些垂直运动。 同样，垂直测量 扫视可能会区分亨廷顿疾病和非平滑性 舞蹈运动障碍。 一系列研究继续研究解剖学的影响 视觉固定的疾病。 例如，浮游性疾病可能 在固定过程中产生微型缓慢漂移绒毛膜。 也提出了 该药物引起的主要位置，沮丧的眼球震颤是由于 增强缓慢漂移零散观察到的垂直不对称性 在正常受试者中。 猫的体内慢性研究测试了眼睛的无所不知的假设 扑。 如果假设是正确的，则有选择地伤害无处不在 用天贺酸的细胞可能会产生自发的眼扑。 一项独特的研究也在北加州展示。 八 个人已经暴露于一种有选择地杀死的神经毒素 大量的Nigra中的细胞并产生帕金森氏病。 这个纯净 人类中的低巴博金能模型可以测试多巴胺消耗的作用 并在扫视，追捕和固定眼动系统上替换 没有通常发现的复杂多系统变性 自然发生的帕金森症状复合体。 所有这些研究都有提供新信息的统一目标 关于可能具有诊断或治疗价值的眼动系统 在临床环境中。