SUPRANUCLEAR CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS

眼球运动的超核控制

• 批准号: 2158795
• 负责人: JOHN R HOTSON
• 金额: $ 16.28万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-07-01 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2158795
• 关键词: eye movement disorders; human subject; magnetic field; motion perception; neural information processing; oculomotor nuclei; parietal lobe /cortex; saccades; smooth pursuit eye movement; stroke; vision tests; visual fixation; visual tracking

The purpose of this grant application is to increase the understanding, detection, and recovery of human ocular motor and related visual disorders. Experiments will determine the affect of posterior brain injury or transcranial magnetic stimulation on the detection and discrimination of hemifield motion. Studies of the recovery of these visual processes after injury are proposed. The ability to encode spatially-accurate saccades after frontoparietal brain lesions is examined. Disruption of a corollary discharge involving the frontal eye fields may disrupt the spatial accuracy of saccades in the double-step paradigm. Extraretinal signals from smooth pursuit may provide ineffective information for spatially-accurate saccades during pursuit. Injury to the smooth pursuit system may also injure the ability to disengage fixation and initiate visually-guided saccades. Posterior parietal lesions produce unidirectional deficits in smooth pursuit that have not been explained by a loss of unidirectional pursuit neurons or neurons involved in motion vision processing. The possibility that these unidirectional asymmetries in smooth pursuit velocity are caused by unidirectional asymmetries in the discrimination of retinal slip velocity errors is tested. A reliable clinical method that selectively tests frontal and posterior saccade or smooth pursuit pathways would be valuable. Studies of the affect of regional transcranial magnetic stimulation on saccades and smooth pursuit responses may lead to such an important new clinical and investigative method. All of these studies are unified by the premise that understanding how the visuomotor brain normally responds to injury may lead to logical approaches for facilitating its repair.

本赠款申请的目的是增加理解， 检测和恢复人眼运动和相关视觉 疾病。 实验将确定后脑的影响 损伤或经颅磁刺激在检测中 半场运动的区分。 这些恢复的研究 提出了受伤后的视觉过程。 额叶后的空间精确编码扫视的能力 检查了脑病变。 涉及的推论放电的破坏 额叶视野可能会破坏扫视的空间准确性 双步范式。 光滑追击的视线信号可能 为在空间准确的扫视中提供无效的信息 追求。 平滑追捕系统的伤害也可能伤害能力 脱离固定并启动视觉引导的扫视。 后顶壁病变在平滑中产生单向缺陷 尚未通过单向追求来解释的追求 参与运动视觉处理的神经元或神经元。 可能性 这些单向不对称在平滑速度中的不对称是 由视网膜歧视时的单向不对称引起 测试滑移速度错误。 可靠的临床方法，可有选择地测试正面和后部 扫视或平稳的追求途径将是有价值的。 研究 区域经颅磁刺激对扫视和 平稳的追求反应可能会导致如此重要的新临床和 调查方法。 所有这些研究都是由理解如何理解的前提统一的 视觉运动大脑通常会对伤害做出反应可能导致逻辑 促进修复的方法。