ETHICOBOTS 2 - One Health Research for Impact

ETHICOBOTS 2 - 一项具有影响力的健康研究

• 批准号: BB/S013806/1
• 负责人: James Wood
• 金额: $ 57.34万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FS013806%2F1
• 关键词: ETHICOBOTS; Health; Research; Impact

Ethiopia is the second most populous sub Saharan African country. It is also a predominantly agrarian country struggling to emerge from extreme poverty through an ambitious national growth and transformation plan, aiming to achieve middle income status by 2025. Livestock contributes to a high proportion of national income and is a pillars of economic development. Traditional extensive farming systems are being supplemented and replaced with intensive farming, in the case of dairy production using imported Holstein-Friesian crosses to meet high demand for dairy products in the rapidly growing urban population. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is endemic in Ethiopia and the prevalence is high in the emerging intensive dairy population, but currently low in local Zebu cattle. Periurban expansion of dairy farms has created hotspots of TB infection and there are no statutory controls in Ethiopia. Consequently, the potential for spread of bTB through trade is an emerging risk.Our ongoing ZELS research in Ethiopia, Ethiopian Control of Bovine Tuberculosis Strategies (ETHICOBOTS) aims to provide a scientific understanding for the development of sustainable control strategies for bTB in Ethiopia, to reduce the high rate of bTB and its zoonotic transfer in the expanding dairy sector, especially to more disadvantaged population sectors. This Supplementary proposal 'ETHICOBOTS 2 - One Health with Impact' focusses on ensuring maximal impact of the research undertaken to date. It will improve the scientific base established in ETHICOBOTS and will provide clear, evidence-based tools to tackle the high burden of bTB in different sectors of the dairy industry and any zoonotic transmission. We will deliver this work through three specific work-packages, addressing critical evidence gaps to maximise impact: - Develop a pathway for the Elimination of bovine TB infection from a sub-set of national herds, working closely with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock to clear Government farms of bTB. These farms will provide a clear local exemplar of how disease control based surveillance programmes can be successfully implemented. This will generate additional data on disease control and explore the prevalence of anergy, or test-insensitivity, in bovine TB infected cattle. - Explore new tools to communicate disease control to farmers. We will work with innovators in this field who have established new ways to communicate with farmers in other parts of Africa and in a collaboration with Farmerline, we will test their methods in Ethiopian dairies.- Address the major evidence gap regarding the cause of tuberculous disease in humans at high risk of exposure to infected cattle. Working with patients and health care facilities in areas with a high prevalence of bTB infection in cattle, we will markedly improve the diagnostic rate in TB patients by improving culture methods and by using modern molecular test to identify the causative disease agent (M. tuberculosis and M. bovis) in a range of samples, including testing for dual infections The results will provide practical and effective bTB control strategies, targeted at the disease and its zoonotic transmission to humans. Delivering impact through close collaboration with key government and industry stakeholders, we aim to prevent further geographic spread of the disease and to minimise the risks of further transmission to national zebu herd, to protect the livelihood of poor farmers. The project will be carried out with the active participation of the relevant government units and local communities in the field to maximize the likelihood of implementation of results into policy and practice.

埃塞俄比亚是撒哈拉以南非洲人口第二多的国家。它也是一个以农业为主的国家，正在通过雄心勃勃的国家增长和转型计划努力摆脱极端贫困，目标是到 2025 年实现中等收入地位。畜牧业在国民收入中占比很高，是经济发展的支柱。传统的粗放农业系统正在被集约化农业所补充和取代，在乳制品生产中，使用进口的荷斯坦-弗里斯兰杂交品种来满足快速增长的城市人口对乳制品的高需求。牛结核病 (bTB) 在埃塞俄比亚流行，在新兴的集约型奶牛群体中患病率很高，但目前在当地瘤牛中患病率较低。奶牛场的城郊扩张造成了结核病感染的热点，而且埃塞俄比亚没有法定的控制措施。因此，通过贸易传播 bTB 的可能性是一个新出现的风险。我们在埃塞俄比亚正在进行的 ZELS 研究、埃塞俄比亚牛结核病控制策略 (ETHICOBOTS) 旨在为埃塞俄比亚 bTB 可持续控制策略的制定提供科学的认识，降低牛结核病的高发病率及其在不断扩大的乳制品行业中的人畜共患传播，特别是向弱势群体的传播。这项补充提案“ETHICOBOTS 2 - One Health with Impact”的重点是确保迄今为止所进行的研究产生最大影响。它将改善 ETHICOBOTS 建立的科学基础，并将提供明确的、基于证据的工具，以解决乳制品行业不同部门的牛结核病高负担和任何人畜共患传播。我们将通过三个具体的工作包来开展这项工作，解决关键的证据差距，以最大限度地发挥影响： - 与农业和畜牧业部密切合作，制定一条消除国家牛群中牛结核病感染的途径清除政府农场的 bTB。这些农场将为当地如何成功实施基于疾病控制的监测计划提供明确的范例。这将产生更多关于疾病控制的数据，并探索感染结核病的牛的无反应性或测试不敏感性的流行情况。 - 探索向农民传达疾病控制信息的新工具。我们将与该领域的创新者合作，他们已经建立了与非洲其他地区农民沟通的新方法，并与 Farmerline 合作，我们将在埃塞俄比亚乳制品厂测试他们的方法。 - 解决有关结核病病因的主要证据差距在接触受感染牛的高风险人群中。我们将与牛bTB感染高发地区的患者和医疗机构合作，通过改进培养方法和使用现代分子检测来识别病原体（结核分枝杆菌和结核分枝杆菌），从而显着提高结核病患者的诊断率。牛分枝杆菌）在一系列样本中进行检测，包括双重感染检测。结果将提供实用且有效的 bTB 控制策略，针对该疾病及其向人类的人畜共患传播。通过与主要政府和行业利益相关者的密切合作，我们的目标是防止疾病进一步地理传播，并最大限度地减少进一步传播到国家瘤牛群的风险，以保护贫困农民的生计。该项目将在相关政府单位和当地社区的积极参与下进行，以最大程度地将成果落实到政策和实践中。

项目成果

Population structure and transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Ethiopia

埃塞俄比亚牛分枝杆菌的种群结构和传播

• DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.17.386748
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Almaw G

Field evaluation of specific mycobacterial protein-based skin test for the differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis-infected and Bacillus Calmette Guerin-vaccinated crossbred cattle in Ethiopia.

• DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14252
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Transboundary and emerging diseases
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Bayissa B;Sirak A;Zewude A;Worku A;Gumi B;Berg S;Hewinson RG;Wood JLN;Jones GJ;ETHICOBOTS consortium;Vordermeier HM;Ameni G
• 通讯作者: Ameni G

Evaluation of the Efficacy of BCG in Protecting Against Contact Challenge With Bovine Tuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian and Zebu Crossbred Calves in Ethiopia.

• DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.702402
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in veterinary science
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Bayissa B;Sirak A;Worku A;Zewude A;Zeleke Y;Chanyalew M;Gumi B;Berg S;Conlan A;Hewinson RG;ETHICOBOTS Consortium;Wood JLN;Vordermeier HM;Ameni G
• 通讯作者: Ameni G

The variable prevalence of bovine tuberculosis among dairy herds in Central Ethiopia provides opportunities for targeted intervention.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254091
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Almaw G;Conlan AJK;Ameni G;Gumi B;Alemu A;Guta S;Gebre S;Olani A;Garoma A;Shegu D;Yimesgen L;Nigussie D;Wood JLN;Abebe T;Mihret A;Berg S;ETHICOBOTS consortium
• 通讯作者: ETHICOBOTS consortium

Population structure and transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Ethiopia.

• DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000539
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Microbial genomics
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Almaw G;Mekonnen GA;Mihret A;Aseffa A;Taye H;Conlan AJK;Gumi B;Zewude A;Aliy A;Tamiru M;Olani A;Lakew M;Sombo M;Gebre S;Diguimbaye C;Hilty M;Fané A;Müller B;Hewinson RG;Ellis RJ;Nunez-Garcia J;Palkopoulou E;Abebe T;Ameni G;Parkhill J;Wood JLN;The Ethicobots Consortium;Berg S;van Tonder AJ
• 通讯作者: van Tonder AJ