RDD SURVEYS AND MOLECULAR GENETICS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING

吸烟的 RDD 调查和分子遗传学

• 批准号: 6141922
• 负责人: LYNN T KOZLOWSKI
• 金额: $ 2.74万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-03 至 2001-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6141922
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; bias; clinical research; cytochrome P450; data collection methodology /evaluation; human genetic material tag; human subject; interview; molecular genetics; phenotype; population survey; siblings; smoking; telecommunications; tobacco abuse

Cigarette smoking is a major cause of cancer disability and deaths in the U.S. There is a significant need for developing methodologies to obtain representative, cost-effective samples of persons (especially siblings) for genetic studies on cigarette smoking. We propose to study the feasibility of using Random-digit dialing (RDD) computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) surveys to create an adult sample of current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers who will also provide buccal cell DNA samples by mail. The innovativeness derives from using RDD telephone surveys to link self-reports of smoking behavior to DNA. Differential cooperation rates will be estimated for a study will be "made anonymous" with no follow-up versus a study that will be trying to establish a registry for confidential follow-up research with the same individual. Biases in non-response will be estimated by exploring what factors (e.g., sex, age, smoking status, education, geographic region) predict non-response at subsequent levels. Finally, genetic analyses will be performed to assess effects of candidate genes (CYP2A6 and CYP2D6) related to smoking phenotypes (smoking status, heaviness of smoking, and sensitivity to the first cigarette of the day). This is a multi-disciplinary proposal involving the techniques of social science as well as of molecular genetics.

在美国，吸烟是导致癌症致残和死亡的一个主要原因。迫切需要开发方法来获取具有代表性、具有成本效益的人员（尤其是兄弟姐妹）样本，以进行吸烟基因研究。我们建议研究使用随机数字拨号 (RDD) 计算机辅助电话访谈 (CATI) 调查的可行性，以创建当前吸烟者、前吸烟者和从不吸烟者的成人样本，并通过邮寄提供口腔细胞 DNA 样本。创新之处在于使用 RDD 电话调查将吸烟行为的自我报告与 DNA 联系起来。对于“匿名”且没有后续研究的研究，与试图为同一个人建立保密后续研究登记册的研究相比，将估计出不同的合作率。将通过探索哪些因素（例如性别、年龄、吸烟状况、教育、地理区域）预测后续水平的无反应来估计无反应的偏差。最后，将进行遗传分析，以评估与吸烟表型（吸烟状况、吸烟严重程度和对当天第一支烟的敏感性）相关的候选基因（CYP2A6 和 CYP2D6）的影响。这是一项涉及社会科学和分子遗传学技术的多学科提案。