RDD SURVEYS AND MOLECULAR GENETICS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING

吸烟的 RDD 调查和分子遗传学

• 批准号: 2859797
• 负责人: LYNN T KOZLOWSKI
• 金额: $ 16.39万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-03 至 2001-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2859797
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; bias; clinical research; cytochrome P450; data collection methodology /evaluation; human genetic material tag; human subject; interview; molecular genetics; phenotype; population survey; siblings; smoking; telecommunications; tobacco abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; bias; clinical research; cytochrome P450; data collection methodology /evaluation; human genetic material tag; human subject; interview; molecular genetics; phenotype; population survey; siblings; smoking; telecommunications; tobacco abuse

Cigarette smoking is a major cause of cancer disability and deaths in the U.S. There is a significant need for developing methodologies to obtain representative, cost-effective samples of persons (especially siblings) for genetic studies on cigarette smoking. We propose to study the feasibility of using Random-digit dialing (RDD) computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) surveys to create an adult sample of current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers who will also provide buccal cell DNA samples by mail. The innovativeness derives from using RDD telephone surveys to link self-reports of smoking behavior to DNA. Differential cooperation rates will be estimated for a study will be "made anonymous" with no follow-up versus a study that will be trying to establish a registry for confidential follow-up research with the same individual. Biases in non-response will be estimated by exploring what factors (e.g., sex, age, smoking status, education, geographic region) predict non-response at subsequent levels. Finally, genetic analyses will be performed to assess effects of candidate genes (CYP2A6 and CYP2D6) related to smoking phenotypes (smoking status, heaviness of smoking, and sensitivity to the first cigarette of the day). This is a multi-disciplinary proposal involving the techniques of social science as well as of molecular genetics.

吸烟是美国癌症残疾和死亡的主要原因。在培养方法（尤其是兄弟姐妹）的遗传研究中，有很大的需求以获取具有代表性的，具有成本效益的人的样本。我们建议研究使用随机数位拨号（RDD）计算机辅助电话采访（CATI）调查的可行性，以创建成人的当前吸烟者，前吸烟者以及从不吸烟者的成人样本，这些样本也将通过邮件提供颊细胞DNA样品。创新性来自使用RDD电话调查将吸烟行为的自我报告与DNA联系起来。将估计一项研究的差异合作率将被“匿名”而没有随访而不是一项研究，该研究将试图与同一个人建立一个注册表进行机密后续研究。通过探索哪些因素（例如，性别，年龄，吸烟状况，教育，地理区域）可以预测随后水平的无响应，可以估计无响应的偏见。最后，将进行遗传分析，以评估与吸烟表型有关（吸烟状况，吸烟的沉重以及对当天的第一支香烟的敏感性）的候选基因（CYP2A6和CYP2D6）的影响。这是一项涉及社会科学技术和分子遗传学技术的多学科建议。