Multi-Contrast Chest Radiography (MC-CXR) for COVID-19 Diagnosis and Screening

用于 COVID-19 诊断和筛查的多重对比胸部 X 光检查 (MC-CXR)

基本信息

批准号：
10160566
负责人：
Guang-Hong Chen
金额：
$ 40.44万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-08 至 2021-07-07
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10160566
关键词：
Accident and Emergency department Alveolar American College of Radiology Breast Cancer Detection COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic Case Study Cessation of life Chest China Clinic Clinical Communicable Diseases Communities Computed Tomography Scanners Contrast Sensitivity Country Diagnosis Diagnostic Imaging Diagnostic radiologic examination Disease Early Diagnosis Edema Emergency Situation Employee Environment Exposure to Exudate Goals Gold Health Personnel Health Professional Health care facility Healthcare Systems Hospitals Human Resources Image Imaging Device Imaging technology Infection International Lung Mammography Methods Monitor Pathologic Patients Performance Phase Physical Performance Process Protocols documentation Radiation Radiology Specialty Research Research Project Grants Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Risk Roentgen Rays Rural Safety Scanning Sensitivity and Specificity Signal Transduction Site Specificity Specimen Study Subject Symptoms System Technology Testing Thoracic Radiography Time United States X-Ray Computed Tomography absorption accurate diagnosis base contrast imaging diagnosis standard diagnostic accuracy effusion health care service organization human subject imaging facilities imaging system improved parent project prevent prototype radiologist rapid diagnosis respiratory response screening treatment response urgent care

项目摘要

Abstract As of 4/30/2020, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than one million people and caused 60,057 deaths in the United States. Neither the clinical symptoms nor the radiological features of COVID- 19 are specific to the disease, resulting in significant challenges to the screening and early diagnosis of this highly infectious disease. The current gold standard method for COVID-19 diagnosis, the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, has a relatively long turnaround time. Chest x-ray radiography (CXR) has been widely used in the United States for COVID-19 assessment since the first case reported in the US. However, the major challenge with the use of CXR is its low sensitivity and specificity to COVID-19, which is largely attributed to the lack of x-ray absorption contrast sensitivity to mild alveolar damages in the early phases of COVID-19. In this Emergency Competitive Revision, we offer a quick response to the imperative clinical need to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CXR to COVID-19 by leveraging the multi-contrast x-ray imaging technology developed in our ongoing R01 project (EB020521). In particular, the x-ray dark field contrast mechanism is orders of magnitude more sensitive to partial fillings or collapses of alveoli and thus is expected to offer a significant boost to CXR’s sensitivity to alveolar damage. We will quickly construct a multi-contrast chest x-ray radiography (MC-CXR) system, characterize its physical performance, evaluate its radiation safety, and optimize its scan protocols. Finally, we will conduct a pilot human subject study to collect initial evidence for its clinical value in diagnosing COVID-19. Considering the high likelihood for a second wave of COVID-19, the availability of the proposed MC-CXR system can facilitate the hospital systems to cope with additional rounds of patient surge by providing rapid “entrance” assessment of COVID-19.

抽象的截至 2020 年 4 月 30 日，2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 已感染超过一百万人，无论是新冠病毒的临床症状还是放射学特征，均导致美国 60,057 人死亡。 19种是该疾病特有的，这给该疾病的筛查和早期诊断带来了重大挑战目前诊断 COVID-19 的金标准方法是逆转录酶。聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）测试，具有相对较长的周转时间。自美国报告第一例病例以来，该方法已在美国广泛用于 COVID-19 评估。然而，使用 CXR 的主要挑战是其对 COVID-19 的低敏感性和特异性，这是很大程度上归因于早期阶段对轻度肺泡损伤缺乏 X 射线吸收对比敏感性在这次紧急竞争性修订中，我们对迫切的临床需求做出快速响应。利用多重对比 X 射线成像提高 CXR 对 COVID-19 的诊断准确性我们正在进行的 R01 项目 (EB020521) 中开发的技术特别是 X 射线暗场对比度。机制对肺泡的部分充盈或塌陷更加敏感，因此是预期的为了显着提高 CXR 对肺泡损伤的敏感性，我们将快速构建多重对比。胸部X射线摄影（MC-CXR）系统，表征其物理性能，评估其辐射安全性，最后，我们将进行一项试点人体研究，以收集初步证据。考虑到第二波 COVID-19 的可能性很高，拟议的 MC-CXR 系统的可用性可以帮助医院系统应对额外的轮次通过提供 COVID-19 的快速“入门”评估，患者激增。