Project 1: Childhood threat vs deprivation adversity: Impact of executive function, affective processing, and "real time" regulatory strategies on mental health symptoms

项目 1：童年威胁与剥夺逆境：执行功能、情感处理和“实时”监管策略对心理健康症状的影响

• 批准号: 10478816
• 负责人: Chrystal Vergara-Lopez
• 金额: $ 22.84万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10478816
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Adult; Affective; Age; Attention; Categories; Centers of Research Excellence; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Childhood; Chronic; Cognition; Cognitive; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Dimensions; Ecological momentary assessment; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Etiology; Executive Dysfunction; Exposure to; Female; Funding; Implicit Association Test; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Link; Mediating; Memory; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Modeling; Neurosciences; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Phase; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychological reinforcement; Punishment; Reaction Time; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Risk; Sampling; Sexual abuse; Shapes; Stress; Symptoms; System; Technology; Technology Assessment; Testing; Thinking; Time; Trauma; attentional bias; career; childhood adversity; clinically relevant; cognitive ability; cognitive control; deprivation; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; emotion regulation; emotional abuse; emotional neglect; emotional stimulus; executive function; experience; falls; flexibility; follow-up; health assessment; indexing; maltreatment; novel; physical abuse; physical neglect; psychologic; recruit; resilience; social; theories; visual tracking; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT COBRE Research Project 1 will enable Project Leader Vergara-Lopez to collect pilot data in support of a competitive R01 application investigating distinct “pathways” by which childhood adversity impacts emerging adult mental health. Childhood maltreatment is highly prevalent and predicts a broad range of mental health problems. Models from neuroscience suggest that distinct forms of maltreatment have different “developmental cascades” towards the emergence of mental health problems. Experiences of maltreatment characterized by deprivation (an absence of expected cognitive and social inputs from the environment) are thought to be particularly relevant in the development of “top-down” emotion regulation systems (i.e., executive functioning); whereas experiences of maltreatment characterized by threat (physical or psychological harm or threat of harm) are thought to be particularly relevant in the development of “bottom-up” emotion regulation systems (i.e., reinforcement sensitivity, associative memory, attentional bias). Yet no studies have examined the downstream effects of deprivation and threat assessed in “real-time,” nor have any studies comprehensively examined these effects in relation to mental health symptoms in young adulthood. This project will provide the first comprehensive test of the differential effects of deprivation and threat and examine links to real-world emotion regulation and mental health. A sample of emerging adults (ages 18-25) varying in level of exposure to childhood maltreatment (n=150; 50% female) will be recruited. Participants will complete a baseline laboratory session assessing “top-down” and “bottom-up” processes and mental health symptoms. “Top-down” and “bottom up” processes will be assessed by a state-of-the-field battery of laboratory tasks including assessment of multiple components of executive functioning (that differentiate between cognitive abilities in the presence vs absence of emotional information), individual differences in reaction time contingent on reward and punishment, a novel self-referential Single-Category Implicit Association Test (that indexes both positive and negative self-referential memory), and a free-viewing eye tracking paradigm capturing orientation and duration of attention to threat. Leveraging Ilumivu technology from the Technology, Assessment, Data, and Analysis (TADA) Core, participants will then complete a 30-day Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) protocol assessing “real-time” emotion regulation strategies (repetitive negative thinking and reappraisal) and hallmark mental health symptoms. A final laboratory session will re-assess a full spectrum of mental health functioning. Results from this study will reveal downstream effects of childhood maltreatment on emotion regulation (as it unfolds in daily life) and mental health outcomes. This study has the potential to elucidate distinct and clinically relevant etiological pathways by which adversity impacts mental health, and can inform a new wave of etiologically tailored interventions that can be deployed using technology.

项目概要/摘要 COBRE 研究项目 1 将使项目负责人 Vergara-Lopez 能够收集试点数据以支持 竞争性 R01 应用程序调查童年逆境影响新兴事物的独特“路径” 成人心理健康受到虐待的情况非常普遍，预示着广泛的心理健康问题。 神经科学模型表明，不同形式的虐待具有不同的“发展”。 以虐待经历为特征的精神健康问题的出现。 剥夺（缺乏来自环境的预期认知和社会输入）被认为是 与“自上而下”的情绪调节系统（即执行功能）的发展特别相关； 而以威胁为特征的虐待经历（身体或心理伤害或威胁 伤害）被认为与“自下而上”的情绪调节系统的发展特别相关 （即强化敏感性、联想记忆、注意力偏差）。 “实时”评估剥夺和威胁的下游影响，也没有任何研究 全面研究了这些影响与青年期心理健康症状的关系。 该项目将首次全面测试剥夺和威胁的不同影响 并检查与现实世界情绪调节和心理健康的联系。新兴成年人（年龄）的样本。 18-25）将招募不同程度的儿童虐待经历（n = 150；50% 女性）。 参与者将完成基线实验室会议，评估“自上而下”和“自下而上”的流程，并 “自上而下”和“自下而上”的过程将通过现状进行评估。 一系列实验室任务，包括评估执行功能的多个组成部分（即 区分情绪信息存在与不存在的认知能力），个人 反应时间的差异取决于奖励和惩罚，一种新颖的自我参照单类别 内隐联想测试（索引积极和消极的自我参照记忆）和免费观看 利用 Ilumivu 技术捕捉方向和关注威胁的持续时间。 从技术、评估、数据和分析 (TADA) 核心开始，参与者将完成为期 30 天的培训 生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 协议评估“实时”情绪调节策略 （重复的消极思考和重新评估）和标志性的心理健康症状最后的实验室会议。 将重新评估全方位的心理健康功能。这项研究的结果将揭示下游。 儿童虐待对情绪调节（在日常生活中展现）和心理健康结果的影响。 这项研究有可能阐明逆境的独特且临床相关的病因学途径 影响心理健康，并可以为新一波可以部署的病因学定制干预措施提供信息 使用技术。