Momentary Geospatial, Psychological, and Behavioral Risk for Substance Use in Young Adults Under Criminal Justice Supervision

刑事司法监督下的年轻人使用药物的瞬时地理空间、心理和行为风险

基本信息

批准号：
10448749
负责人：
Jamie Gajos
金额：
$ 16.12万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN TUSCALOOSA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-04-01 至 2022-10-14
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10448749
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Affective Age Alcohol consumption Alcohols Assessment tool Behavior Behavioral Cellular Phone Client Clinical Communities Crime Criminal Justice Data Development Development Plans Discrimination Disease Diversion Program Drug usage Drug user Ecological momentary assessment Enrollment Environment Ethnic Origin Exposure to Foundations Frequencies Funding Future General Population Geography Goals Health Homelessness Individual Individual Differences Interdisciplinary Study Intervention Investigation Justice Knowledge Life Life Cycle Stages Location Mental Health Mentored Research Scientist Development Award Mentors Mentorship Methodology Methods Modeling Moods Movement National Institute of Drug Abuse Neighborhoods Outcome Perception Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Population Process Psychopathology Psychosocial Factor Race Reporting Research Resources Risk Risk Assessment Risk Behaviors Sampling Social Environment Stress Subgroup Substance Use Disorder Supervision Surveys System Testing Time Time Study Tobacco Training Variant Violence Visit Vulnerable Populations adaptive intervention aged alcohol consequences alcohol outlet density base behavioral health built environment career career development court craving design effective intervention emerging adulthood environmental stressor experience geographic risk high risk population implementation design individualized medicine innovation longitudinal design mHealth neighborhood disadvantage novel physical conditioning pilot test polysubstance use programs psychologic recidivism recruit reduced substance use research and development secondary analysis sex skills stressor substance use substance use prevention substance user time use young adult

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract This K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will facilitate my long-term career goal of establishing an independently-funded, interdisciplinary research program focused on collecting and analyzing intensive longitudinal data (ILD) to understand and reduce substance use disorders (SUDs) in justice-involved and other high-risk populations, as well as to disseminate the findings to inform and develop mHealth interventions. Justice- involved young adults are more likely to struggle with SUDs than the general population, and their substance use often involves polysubstance use rather than single drug use. However, there is limited understanding of the naturalistic settings and psychological and behavioral antecedents of polysubstance use in vulnerable young adults. Like other vulnerable subgroups, substance use has often been examined with traditional methodologies, such as cross-sectional or clinical/lab-based designs; yet, these assessment methods are not well suited to capture the real-time interactions experienced by most young adults under criminal justice supervision. In line with NIDA’s strategic objective of addressing real-world complexities of polysubstance use in vulnerable young adults, as well as identifying the context of these interactions to develop and disseminate effective interventions, this project will test the momentary psychological, behavioral, and geospatial risk for substance use in young adults under criminal justice supervision by integrating geographically-explicit ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) data with risk terrain modeling (RTM). I am a criminologist who uses a developmental psychopathology framework to study health-risk behaviors across the life course with a strong foundation in developmental psychopathology, longitudinal design methodologies, and substance use prevention. The proposed research and career development plan build directly on my prior experiences to provide greater knowledge and skills necessary to conduct innovative investigations of dynamic person-environment interactions underlying substance use risk with GEMA and RTM methodologies and to develop a novel just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) to reduce substance use in young adults enrolled in drug treatment court (DTC). Specific Aim 1 will (a) identify momentary relationships between daily stressors, affect, and alcohol use in a similarly vulnerable sample of homeless adults (N=77) that completed up to 5 daily GEMAs for 28 days and (b) test the associations between momentary geographic correlates of alcohol use and activity spaces on health-risk behaviors by combining GEMA data with RTM. Specific Aim 2 will collect GEMA data among a sample of young adults aged 18-25 enrolled in DTC to identify intervention targets for a future JITAI. Specific Aim 3 will develop and pilot test a novel smartphone-based JITAI to reduce substance use in young adults aged 18-25 enrolled in DTC. My mentorship team is well suited to facilitate the research and career development plan, with combined expertise in SUDs in vulnerable populations, GEMA analysis and design, RTM, and JITAI implementation and design.

项目概要/摘要 K01 指导研究科学家发展奖将促进我建立长期职业目标一个独立资助的跨学科研究项目，专注于收集和分析密集的纵向数据（ILD），以了解和减少涉及司法和其他领域的物质使用障碍（SUD）高风险人群，以及传播调查结果以告知和制定移动医疗干预措施。与普通人群相比，参与其中的年轻人更有可能与 SUD 作斗争，而且他们的实质内容使用通常涉及多种物质的使用而不是单一药物的使用，但是，人们对其的了解有限。弱势青少年使用多物质的自然环境以及心理和行为前因与其他弱势群体一样，成年人经常使用传统方法来检查药物使用情况，例如横截面或基于临床/实验室的设计；然而，这些评估方法不太适合捕捉大多数年轻人在刑事司法监督下经历的实时互动。 NIDA 的战略目标是解决现实世界中弱势青少年使用多物质的复杂性成人，以及确定这些互动的背景以制定和传播有效的干预措施，该项目将测试青少年物质使用的瞬时心理、行为和地理空间风险通过整合地理明确的生态瞬时评估，对处于刑事司法监督下的成年人进行评估 (GEMA) 数据与风险地形模型 (RTM) 我是一名使用发展精神病理学的犯罪学家。研究整个生命过程中的健康风险行为的框架，为发展奠定了坚实的基础精神病理学、纵向设计方法和药物使用预防。和职业发展计划直接建立在我之前的经验之上，以提供更多的知识和技能有必要对潜在的动态人与环境相互作用进行创新性调查使用 GEMA 和 RTM 方法来评估药物使用风险，并开发一种新颖的及时适应性干预措施 (JITAI) 减少参加戒毒法庭 (DTC) 的年轻人的药物使用具体目标 1 将 (a)。在类似的脆弱样本中识别日常压力源、情感和饮酒之间的瞬时关系连续 28 天每天完成 5 次 GEMA 的无家可归成年人 (N=77) 以及 (b) 测试之间的关联通过结合酒精使用和活动空间与健康风险行为的瞬时地理相关性 RTM 的 GEMA 数据将收集 18-25 岁年轻人样本中的 GEMA 数据。加入 DTC 以确定未来 JITAI 的干预目标具体目标 3 将开发并试点测试一部小说。基于智能手机的 JITAI 旨在减少参加 DTC 的 18-25 岁年轻人的药物使用。团队非常适合促进研究和职业发展计划，具有 SUD 方面的综合专业知识弱势群体、GEMA 分析和设计、RTM 和 JITAI 实施和设计。