Leveraging Networks, Epidemiology, and Epidemic Modeling: Creative Approaches for HIV Elimination

利用网络、流行病学和流行病模型：消除艾滋病毒的创造性方法

基本信息

批准号：
10450822
负责人：
Britt Skaathun
金额：
$ 18.95万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10450822
关键词：
AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Acute Biological Caring Characteristics Client Communities Complex Contact Tracing Data Disease Progression Drug usage Epidemic Epidemiology Genetic Goals HIV HIV Infections HIV Seronegativity HIV Seropositivity HIV diagnosis HIV-1 Hispanic Human immunodeficiency virus test Incidence Individual Infection Inflammatory Interruption Intervention Latino Link Maps Methods Modeling Molecular Mucous Membrane Multiple Partners Nature Pharmaceutical Preparations Population Populations at Risk Positioning Attribute Primary Infection Public Health Research Research Priority Resources Risk Sampling Sexual Partners Social Network Source Testing Training United States base black men who have sex with men case-based cohort condoms cytokine density experience improved marginalized population men who have sex with men methamphetamine use methamphetamine user network models pre-exposure prophylaxis prevention service recruit rectal response sex sexual encounter social social structure standard of care substance use transgender transmission process treatment as prevention

项目摘要

Abstract New HIV infections in the U.S. are beginning to decline, but marginalized groups such as substance using populations continue to experience new infections. Individuals with acute and early HIV (AEH) and those who are HIV infected, but out of care, are key drivers of ongoing transmission. Biological interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) that reduces HIV acquisition by >90% can curtail transmission, but marginalized groups have low utilization rates. Social network factors have been noted as contributing to the difference in rates of HIV acquisition. Public health departments traditionally used contact tracing (asking newly HIV diagnosed clients to identify their sex or drug contacts) to identify individuals who are unaware of their HIV infection, but this information is often incomplete due to underreporting. Experts are now turning toward molecular network data (individuals linked by similar HIV-1 pol sequences) in conjunction with contact tracing information for HIV epidemic response. While informative, sampling challenges limit the reliance on these sources alone for making inferences about HIV transmission. Social network data, in contrast, are more complete than sexual contact data and often include substance use and sexual partners in networks. Despite indication of the benefits of combining these data, little research has been conducted on how they can be integrated for HIV prevention and care. The overall goal of this project is to better understand the complex and overlapping social and molecular network dynamics involved in HIV transmission in order to more effectively prioritize interventions to reduce HIV incidence.

抽象的美国的新艾滋病毒感染开始下降，但被边缘化的群体，例如使用种群的物质继续经历新的感染。急性和早期的艾滋病毒（aeh）和艾滋病毒感染但不受照顾的人是持续的关键驱动力传播。生物学干预措施，例如降低的预防前预防（PREP）以> 90％的方式获取HIV可以减少传播，但边缘化组的利用率较低费率。社交网络因素已被指出是导致艾滋病毒差异的差异获得。公共卫生部门传统上使用了联系跟踪（向新的艾滋病毒询问诊断客户以确定他们的性别或药物接触），以识别不知道的人他们的艾滋病毒感染，但是由于报道不足，这些信息通常是不完整的。专家是现在转向分子网络数据（通过相似的HIV-1 POL序列链接的个体）结合接触跟踪信息以进行HIV流行反应。虽然有益，但抽样挑战限制了仅依靠这些来源来推断艾滋病毒传播。相比之下，社交网络数据比性联系数据更完整，通常在网络中包括物质使用和性伴侣。尽管有收益结合这些数据，很少对如何整合它们进行研究艾滋病毒预防和关怀。该项目的总体目标是更好地了解综合体和与HIV传播有关的社会和分子网络动态重叠更有效地确定干预措施以减少艾滋病毒的发生率。