Dynamic population codes for perception

感知的动态群体代码

• 批准号: 10221686
• 负责人: MATTHEW A SMITH
• 金额: $ 32.89万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10221686
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Agnosia; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Code; Communication; Detection; Diagnosis; Disease; Event; Individual; Link; Location; Measures; Methods; Neurons; Outcomes Research; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Photic Stimulation; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Process; Prosthesis; Reaction Time; Research; Role; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Time; Traumatic Brain Injury; V4 neuron; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Work; active vision; area V4; base; behavior influence; brain repair; experimental study; extrastriate visual cortex; flexibility; improved; neglect; nervous system disorder; receptive field; response; sensorimotor system; sensory system; vision rehabilitation; visual stimulus

Dynamic population codes for perception PROJECT SUMMARY One of the most critical functions of sensory and motor systems is preparation for upcoming events. In sensory systems, this preparation confers a perceptual and behavioral advantage. When the location of an upcoming event is known, subjects respond with shorter reaction times and greater accuracy – an internal state that is often referred to as spatial attention. Numerous regions throughout the cortex have been implicated as playing important roles in establishing and maintaining attention, making it clear that attention operates through the coordinated activity of neuronal populations throughout the brain. Typical studies of attention, however, have focused largely on averaged neuronal responses in a time window well after the time of stimulus onset, and nearly all have involved recordings from a single brain region at a time. We will investigate the population-level mechanisms by which neurons prepare for an anticipated stimulus and maintain an attentional state, focusing on the activity of neurons within visual and prefrontal cortex as well as the interactions between these regions. Our strategy is to employ population-level measures to reveal signals hidden from single-neuron and averaged approaches, and then link these measures to behavior. In the first specific aim, we measure how neurons in visual cortex prepare for an upcoming stimulus. We hypothesize that a diverse population code underlies attentional preparation in visual cortex and is reflected in the earliest responses. In the second specific aim, we determine how prefrontal cortex and visual cortex work in concert to prepare attention. We hypothesize that prefrontal cortex serves to maintain a stable attentional state in the absence of visual stimulation, and coordinated activity between these regions influences behavior. In the third specific aim, we seek to understand how preparation in visual cortex is adaptable based on context. We hypothesize that dynamic task demands influence the patterns by which visual cortex prepares, enabling attention to flexibly influence behavior in numerous situations. The overall result of this study will be to establish the role of population activity in dynamic visual perception, and to construct a framework by which to relate population recordings in multiple brain regions to visual perception and behavior. This will aid in developing treatments for neurological disorders of vision and rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury or disease.

动态人口代码的感知代码 项目摘要 感觉和运动系统最关键的功能之一是为即将发生的事件做准备。在感官中 系统，这种准备供认是一种感知和行为优势。当即将到来的位置 已知事件，受试者会以较短的反应时间和更高的精度做出响应 - 内部状态是 整个皮质中的许多区域都暗示为玩 在建立和维持注意力方面的重要作用，清楚地表明，注意力通过 整个大脑中神经元种群的协调活性。但是，典型的注意力研究 在刺激发作时，很大程度上集中在时间窗口中的平均神经元反应上，并且 几乎所有人都涉及一次来自单个大脑区域的录音。我们将调查人口级别 神经元为预期刺激做准备并保持注意力状态的机制 关于视觉和前额叶皮层中神经元的活性以及这些区域之间的相互作用。 我们的策略是采用人口级措施来揭示隐藏在单神经元中的信号并平均 接近，然后将这些措施与行为联系起来。在第一个特定目的中，我们衡量神经元如何 视觉皮层为即将进行的刺激做准备。我们假设潜水员人口代码是基础 视觉皮层的注意力制剂，并反映在最早的反应中。在第二个特定目标中，我们 确定前额叶皮层和视觉皮层如何协同工作以准备注意力。我们假设这一点 前额叶皮层在没有视觉刺激的情况下保持稳定的注意状态，并且 这些区域之间的协调活动会影响行为。在第三个特定目标中，我们试图 了解基于上下文中的视觉皮质中的制备如何适应。我们假设这项动态任务 需求会影响视觉皮层准备的模式，从而使注意力灵活地影响 在众多情况下的行为。这项研究的总体结果是确定人口的作用 动态视觉感知中的活动，并构建一个框架，通过该框架将人口记录相关联 视觉感知和行为的多个大脑区域。这将有助于开发神经系统治疗 创伤性脑损伤或疾病后视力和康复疾病。