Graphene optoelectronic biointerfaces for enabling optical cardiac pacemaking

用于实现光学心脏起搏的石墨烯光电生物界面

• 批准号: 10163905
• 负责人: IGOR R EFIMOV
• 金额: $ 12.59万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10163905
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Architecture; Arrhythmia; Biomedical Engineering; Cardiac; Cardiac Electrophysiologic Techniques; Cardiac Myocytes; Cardiac pacemaker; Cardiology; Cell membrane; Chronic; Cicatrix; Clinical; Complex; Custom; Devices; Effectiveness; Electric Countershock; Electric Stimulation; Electricity; Electrodes; Engineering; Ensure; Equipment; Exhibits; Family; Foundations; Future; Generations; Genetic; Heart; Heart Abnormalities; Home; Human; Implant; Life; Light; Mechanics; Mediating; Medical; Medical Device; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Myocardial Contraction; Nanotechnology; Nature; Optics; Organ; Pacemakers; Patients; Phase; Physiology; Procedures; Process; Property; Quality of life; Rattus; Security; Signal Transduction; Slice; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Tissues; Wireless Technology; aging population; base; biocompatible polymer; biomaterial compatibility; cell type; clinical application; design; electric field; feasibility testing; functional group; graphene; heart function; heart rhythm; high reward; high risk; improved; in vivo; intercellular connection; miniaturize; novel; optogenetics; preservation

PROJECT SUMMARY Arrhythmia is a life-threatening condition that impacts the quality of life of millions of patients, and the number of arrhythmia patients is expected to increase in the aging population. For over 50 years, cardiac pacemakers have been implanted into patients' hearts to deliver electrical stimuli to induce the heart contractions at the desired rate. Electrical pacemakers underwent dramatic improvements over the years, but some of their inherent properties related to the electrical nature of their modus of operandi will always create problems that cannot be overcome by further improvements. Among these problems are tissue scarring due to electrochemical processes at the electrode-tissue interface, and the incompatibility with the long list of medical procedures, airport security equipment, and some home appliances. Our project aims to develop an alternative cardiac pacemaker using optical rather than electrical stimulation. This device will be aided by a novel graphene-mediated optical stimulation technology that relies on unique optoelectronic properties of graphene to convert light into electricity and induce the changes in the electrical field across the cardiac cell membrane. This technology combined with an implantable wireless miniaturized LED system is expected to lay the foundation for the new generation of cardiac pacemakers. This feasibility project represents a medium risk / high reward study offering a revolutionary nanotechnology-driven bioengineering solution that is expected to significantly improve existing medical devices for correcting the abnormal heart rhythm. This approach could also be extended beyond cardiology.

项目概要 心律失常是一种危及生命的疾病，影响数百万患者的生活质量， 随着人口老龄化，心律失常患者的数量预计将会增加。 50多年来， 心脏起搏器已被植入患者的心脏以提供电刺激以诱导心脏起搏 心脏以所需的速度收缩。电子起搏器比以前有了显着的改进 年，但其一些与其操作方式的电气性质相关的固有特性将 总是会产生无法通过进一步改进来克服的问题。这些问题包括 由于电极-组织界面处的电化学过程以及不相容性而导致的组织疤痕 有一长串的医疗程序、机场安检设备和一些家用电器。 我们的项目旨在开发一种使用光学而非电气的替代心脏起搏器 刺激。该设备将得到新型石墨烯介导的光刺激技术的帮助，该技术 依靠石墨烯独特的光电特性将光转化为电并诱导 穿过心脏细胞膜的电场的变化。该技术结合了 植入式无线微型LED系统有望为新一代奠定基础 心脏起搏器。 该可行性项目代表了一项中等风险/高回报的研究，提供了革命性的成果 纳米技术驱动的生物工程解决方案有望显着改善现有的医疗 纠正异常心律的装置。这种方法还可以扩展到其他领域 心脏病学。