Graphene optoelectronic biointerfaces for enabling optical cardiac pacemaking

用于实现光学心脏起搏的石墨烯光电生物界面

• 批准号: 10163905
• 负责人: IGOR R EFIMOV
• 金额: $ 12.59万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10163905
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Architecture; Arrhythmia; Biomedical Engineering; Cardiac; Cardiac Electrophysiologic Techniques; Cardiac Myocytes; Cardiac pacemaker; Cardiology; Cell membrane; Chronic; Cicatrix; Clinical; Complex; Custom; Devices; Effectiveness; Electric Countershock; Electric Stimulation; Electricity; Electrodes; Engineering; Ensure; Equipment; Exhibits; Family; Foundations; Future; Generations; Genetic; Heart; Heart Abnormalities; Home; Human; Implant; Life; Light; Mechanics; Mediating; Medical; Medical Device; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Myocardial Contraction; Nanotechnology; Nature; Optics; Organ; Pacemakers; Patients; Phase; Physiology; Procedures; Process; Property; Quality of life; Rattus; Security; Signal Transduction; Slice; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Tissues; Wireless Technology; aging population; base; biocompatible polymer; biomaterial compatibility; cell type; clinical application; design; electric field; feasibility testing; functional group; graphene; heart function; heart rhythm; high reward; high risk; improved; in vivo; intercellular connection; miniaturize; novel; optogenetics; preservation

PROJECT SUMMARY Arrhythmia is a life-threatening condition that impacts the quality of life of millions of patients, and the number of arrhythmia patients is expected to increase in the aging population. For over 50 years, cardiac pacemakers have been implanted into patients' hearts to deliver electrical stimuli to induce the heart contractions at the desired rate. Electrical pacemakers underwent dramatic improvements over the years, but some of their inherent properties related to the electrical nature of their modus of operandi will always create problems that cannot be overcome by further improvements. Among these problems are tissue scarring due to electrochemical processes at the electrode-tissue interface, and the incompatibility with the long list of medical procedures, airport security equipment, and some home appliances. Our project aims to develop an alternative cardiac pacemaker using optical rather than electrical stimulation. This device will be aided by a novel graphene-mediated optical stimulation technology that relies on unique optoelectronic properties of graphene to convert light into electricity and induce the changes in the electrical field across the cardiac cell membrane. This technology combined with an implantable wireless miniaturized LED system is expected to lay the foundation for the new generation of cardiac pacemakers. This feasibility project represents a medium risk / high reward study offering a revolutionary nanotechnology-driven bioengineering solution that is expected to significantly improve existing medical devices for correcting the abnormal heart rhythm. This approach could also be extended beyond cardiology.

项目摘要 心律不齐是一种威胁生命的疾病，会影响数百万患者的生活质量，并且 预计年龄衰老的心律不齐患者的数量将增加。超过50年， 心脏起搏器已植入患者的心脏，以提供电刺激以诱导 心收缩的期望速度。电动起搏器对 多年，但是它们与其操作形式的电气性质有关的一些固有属性将会 始终创建无法通过进一步改进来克服的问题。其中包括 由于电极组织接口处的电化学过程而引起的组织疤痕，并且不兼容 有一长串的医疗程序，机场安全设备和一些家用电器。 我们的项目旨在使用光学而不是电气开发替代性心脏起搏器 刺激。该设备将通过一种新型石墨烯介导的光刺激技术的帮助 石墨烯的独特光电特性依赖于将光转换为电力并诱导 跨心细胞膜的电场的变化。这项技术与 预计植入无线微型LED系统将为新一代奠定基础 心脏起搏器。 这个可行性项目代表了一个中等风险 /高奖励研究，提供了革命性的 纳米技术驱动的生物工程解决方案有望显着改善现有医学 纠正异常心律的设备。这种方法也可以扩展到 心脏病学。