Studies on Local Cultures During the Period of Encounters between Central and Peripheral Cultures : A new Area Studies in a Globalizing World ;

中心与边缘文化相遇时期的本土文化研究：全球化世界中的新区域研究；

基本信息

批准号：
13610231
负责人：
KANO Hiromasa
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Tsuda College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This project examines functions of local cultures and their changing relations in a globalizing world, where encounter two culture-societies, namely "global center" and "local periphery" of the third world. A new area studies should emphasize on inquiry into value systems of local cultures concerned, "incompleteness and unstable" of mutual support of culture center and political center, and culture-oriented ethnic movements.This project selects three transnational cultural objects, textiles, glass beads and shadow puppet theaters as "vehicles" for representing culture relations and changes in a process of cultural encounters.Chapter I-II serves as searching for a framework of new area studies. According to the framework, European glass beads which began to infiltrate into areas of West Africa during sixteenth century, indicated how the center had exploited local people's wishes for eternity.Chapter III-IV concentrates on textiles motifs, and ascertains meanings of traditional motifs. In central Asia, their ethnic dresses of "Ikat" had implications that they resisted against Soviet cultural penetration. And a "central disk" motif of Suzani textile in Uzbekistan indicates their ancient values for sun worship despite of Islamic culture.Chapter V-VI shows that peoples of the world incline to insist their own culture and their popular culture via NGOs and voluntary associations. This inclination can be ascertained in Berber movements of Morocco, minority activities of Maya and Chiapas for ethnic textile weaving, recent resurgence of Inca solsticial festival of Inti Raimi since the 1940s. In conclusion, new area studies suggest global-local-regional approaches and comparative approaches as a tool for examine cultural relations and implications in the process of culture encounters in a globalizing world.

该项目探讨了全球化世界中当地文化的功能及其不断变化的关系，其中遇到了两个文化社会，即第三世界的“全球中心”和“当地边缘”。新领域的研究应该强调探究当地文化的价值体系、文化中心与政治中心相互支持的“不完整性和不稳定”以及以文化为导向的民族运动。本项目选择了三种跨国文物，纺织品、玻璃珠皮影戏作为表现文化关系和文化相遇过程中的变化的“载体”。第一章至第二章是寻找新领域研究的框架。根据框架，欧洲玻璃珠在十六世纪开始渗透到西非地区，表明该中心如何利用当地人民对永恒的愿望。第三章至第四章集中于纺织品图案，并确定传统图案的含义。在中亚，他们的“Ikat”民族服装具有抵制苏联文化渗透的含义。乌兹别克斯坦苏扎尼纺织品的“中心圆盘”图案表明了尽管有伊斯兰文化，但他们对太阳崇拜的古老价值观。第五章至第六章表明，世界各国人民倾向于通过非政府组织和自愿协会来坚持自己的文化和流行文化。这种倾向可以在摩洛哥的柏柏尔运动、玛雅和恰帕斯的少数民族纺织活动、以及自 20 世纪 40 年代以来最近复兴的印加冬日节 Inti Raimi 中得到证实。总之，新领域研究建议将全球-地方-区域方法和比较方法作为研究全球化世界中文化相遇过程中的文化关系和影响的工具。