Mechanisms of formation, maintenance and extinction of olfactory learning

嗅觉学习的形成、维持和消退机制

基本信息

批准号：
13480268
负责人：
KABA Hideto
金额：
$ 9.54万
依托单位：
Kochi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Female mice learn to recognize the urinary pheromones of the male with which they mate. This olfactory learning is associated with substantial neural changes in the accessory olfactory bulb(AOB), first relay in the vomeronasal system. We show in AOB slices that glutamatergic transmission from mitral cells, a single class of projection neurons, to granule cell inhibitory interneurons, displays long-term potentiation(LTP), which shares essential features with pheromonal learning, following spaced and long-term theta frequency stimulation of mitral cell axons and that noradrenaline enhances the induction of LTP via presynaptic α_2-adrenergic receptor-mediated inhibition of glutamate release that allows the postsynaptic cell to fire more action potentials during theta frequency stimulus train due to a reduction in depolarising plateau. Our findings provide a unique cellular mechanism for the noradrenergic modulation of olfactory learning.On postnatal day 12, young rats show an aversion to an odor to which they has been exposed along with presentation of foot shock on postnatal day 11. We show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal regulated kinase(MAPK/ERK)-cyclic AMP response element binding protein(CREB) pathway in the olfactory bulb(OB) is required for the long-term, but not the short-term, facilitation process of aversive olfactory learning in young rats. We also show that both of GABA_A and GABA_B reeptors in the OB are involved in the regulation of aversive olfactory learning.

雌性小鼠学会识别与其交配的雄性小鼠的尿液信息素，这种嗅觉学习与副嗅球（AOB）的显着神经变化有关，这是犁鼻系统中的第一个中继，我们在 AOB 切片中显示了谷氨酸能传递。二尖瓣细胞（一类投射神经元）到颗粒细胞抑制性中间神经元，表现出长时程增强（LTP），其与信息素学习，在对二尖瓣细胞轴突进行间隔和长期 θ 频率刺激后，去甲肾上腺素通过突触前 α_2 肾上腺素受体介导的谷氨酸释放抑制增强 LTP 的诱导，从而允许突触后细胞在 θ 频率刺激期间激发更多动作电位我们的研究结果为嗅觉的去甲肾上腺素能调节提供了独特的细胞机制。在出生后第 12 天，幼鼠表现出对它们所接触的气味的厌恶，并在出生后第 11 天出现足部休克。我们发现丝裂原激活蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调节激酶（MAPK/嗅球（OB）中的 ERK）-环 AMP 反应元件结合蛋白（CREB）途径对于厌恶的长期（而非短期）促进过程是必需的我们还发现 OB 中的 GABA_A 和 GABA_B 受体都参与厌恶性嗅觉学习的调节。