Inhibitory processing and social learning in the mouse accessory olfactory bulb

小鼠附件嗅球的抑制处理和社会学习

基本信息

批准号：
10263552
负责人：
Julian P Meeks
金额：
$ 14.31万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-15 至 2021-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10263552
关键词：
Accessory Olfactory Bulbs Animal Model Back Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Bypass Calcium Data Dendrodendritic Synapse Electrophysiology (science)Environment Exposure to Gene Expression Genes Genetic Genetic Recombination Goals Image Immediate-Early Genes Interneurons Juxtaglomerular Cell Laboratories Lateral Lead Learning Masks Measurement Measures Mediating Microscopy Modality Monitor Morphology Mus Neocortex Neural Pathways Neuronal Plasticity Neurons Neurosciences Neurosciences Research Olfactory Pathways Pathway interactions Peripheral Pharmacogenetics Pheromone Physiological Physiology Population Preparation Research Research Personnel Role Schizophrenia Sensory Sensory Thresholds Shapes Signal Transduction Slice Social Behavior Specificity Synapses Testing autism spectrum disorder base behavioral plasticity cell type contrast enhanced experience experimental study granule cell in vivo information processing insight mitral cell neural circuit neuromechanism neuropsychiatric disorder optogenetics selective expression sensory mechanism social social learning tool

项目摘要

Two major goals of neuroscience research are (1) to understand how sensory information guides behavior and (2) to understand how behaviors are modified by experience. In most sensory modalities, extracting salient information involves passing signals back-and-forth between multiple, highly-interconnected neural circuits, making it challenging to disentangle which computations are made by which neuronal populations. For this reason, there is a significant advantage to studying sensory processing in neural pathways that involve few interconnected circuits. In mice, a specialized chemosensory pathway called the accessory olfactory system strongly influences social behavior and utilizes just one small neural circuit for the majority of its information processing. This small neural circuit is called the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), and the proposed research aims to determine how neurons in the AOB extract behaviorally-relevant chemosensory information from the environment and refine that information through experience. Information processing in the AOB critically depends on the function of several classes of inhibitory interneurons, and neural plasticity in AOB interneurons is thought to underlie forms of social learning. The proposed research will use electrophysiology, neuronal calcium imaging, and optogenetics to determine the specific sensory computations performed by three major classes of AOB interneurons. The proposal leverages a unique ex vivo preparation of the AOB that allows researchers to monitor and manipulate AOB neurons during naturalistic peripheral chemosensory stimulation, which is important for relating activity measurements to information content. Furthermore, the proposed experiments will determine how the computations made by these interneurons contribute to the expression of social behaviors. The final proposed experiments will investigate how experience-dependent plasticity in one of the AOB interneuron classes impacts forms of social learning. Overall, the proposed research will produce important insights into the neural mechanisms of sensory processing, social behaviors, and behavioral plasticity.

神经科学研究的两个主要目标是（1）了解感官信息如何指导行为和（2）了解如何通过经验修改行为。在大多数感官方式中，提取明显信息涉及在多个高度互连的神经回路之间来回传递信号，使解开哪些计算是由哪些神经元种群进行的。为了这原因，在神经途径中研究感觉处理有很大的优势互连电路。在小鼠中，一种称为附件嗅觉系统的专业化学体积途径强烈影响社会行为，并仅利用一个小神经循环来实现其大多数信息加工。这个小型神经回路称为辅助嗅球（AOB）和拟议的研究旨在确定AOB提取的神经元如何与行为相关的化学感应信息环境并通过经验来完善这些信息。批判性的信息处理取决于几类抑制性中间神经元的功能以及AOB中间神经元中的神经可塑性被认为是社会学习形式的基础。拟议的研究将使用电生理学，神经元钙成像和光遗传学，以确定三个主要的特定感觉计算 AOB中间神经元的类。该提案利用AOB的独特的离体准备，允许研究人员在自然主义的外围化学感应刺激期间监测和操纵AOB神经元，这对于将活动测量与信息内容联系起来很重要。此外，提议实验将确定这些中间神经元的计算如何有助于表达社会行为。最终提出的实验将研究其中一种依赖经验的可塑性 AOB间神经元类影响社会学习的形式。总体而言，拟议的研究将产生对感官处理，社会行为和行为的神经机制的重要见解可塑性。