BASIC STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLOSED ECOLOGICAL RE CIRCULATING AQUATIC ANIMAL CULTURE SYSTEMS

密闭式生态循环水生动物养殖系统开发的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
10460143
负责人：
TAKEUCHI Toshio
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF FISHERIES
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A closed ecological recirculating aquaculture system(CERAS), a part of the models of a controlled ecological life support system(CELSS), was developed in the hydrosphere for aquatic organisms such as phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish. Using a fish-rearing closed tank(air-tight tanks)with an O_2/CO_2 exchange unit, the influence of different photoperiod cycles(3L : 3D ; 6L : 6D ; 12L : 12D ; ＆ 24L : 24D)on the metabolic rate and energy loss of young and adult tilapia Oreochromis niloticus was investigated. This study suggested that energy conservation would be possible if this fish is exposed to longer cycles of photoperiod rather that shorter ones. Resting respiratory rate of young tilapia was higher than that of adult one. In this closed system, tilapia showed normal growth and high feed efficiency compared with the recirculating open tank under a high concentration of NO_3-N over the 189-day period. Phosphorus form and mineral budgets in the fish-rearing closed tank during a long term experiment with tilapia were also evaluated. Several elements in the wastes require ionization and /or supplement, to serve as nutrients for alga in closed culture systems. Tilapia can be cultured only Spirulina platensis from larvae to adult. This results suggest that it is feasible to construct a food chain using raw Spirulina to feed tilapia from the onset of exogenous feeding in a CERAS.Finally, the effects of CO_2 and O_2 concentrations and light intensity on growth of microalgae Euglena gracilis were investigated. The multiplication rate of cells was highest and the cell number increased by 8.3 times during 48h under a condition of 4% CO_<>, 21% O_2 and 100μ moll m^<-2>s^<-1> PPF.This study obtained many basic and useful informations to develop CERAS.

封闭生态循环水养殖系统（CERAS）是受控生态生命支持系统（CELSS）模型的一部分，是在水圈中利用封闭水箱饲养浮游植物、浮游动物和鱼类等水生生物而开发的。气密罐）与O_2/CO_2交换单元，不同光周期的影响（3L : 3D ; 6L : 6D ; 12L : 12D ; & 24L : 24D) 对幼年和成年罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus 的代谢率和能量损失进行了研究，这项研究表明，如果这种鱼暴露在较长的光周期而不是较短的光周期下，则可以节省能量。幼鱼的呼吸频率高于成年罗非鱼。在此封闭系统中，与高浓度的循环开放罐相比，罗非鱼表现出正常的生长和较高的饲料效率。还对罗非鱼长期饲养实验中的 189 天期间的 NO_3-N 形态和矿物质预算进行了评估，废物中的几种元素需要电离和/或补充，以作为营养物。封闭培养系统中的藻类只能培养钝顶螺旋藻，从幼虫到成虫这一结果表明，用原始螺旋藻来喂养构建食物链是可行的。最后考察了CO_2、O_2浓度和光照强度对微藻Euglena gracilis生长的影响，48h内细胞增殖率最高，细胞数增加8.3倍。 4%CO_<>、21%O_2、100μmol m^<-2>s^<-1>条件PPF。这项研究获得了许多开发 CERAS 的基本和有用的信息。