Stady on Analysis and Optimization of Urban Spatial Hierarchical Structure

城市空间层次结构分析与优化研究

基本信息

批准号：
05452365
负责人：
OKABE Atsuyuki
金额：
$ 3.71万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study aims to develop a method for describing and optimizing the hierarchical stucture found in the spatial structure of facilities. First, we develop a graph theoretical method to analyze a spatial hierarchy of facilities. With a help of this method, we can describe a spatial hierarchy by several indices ; tree lengh, tree width, and K value. We apply this method to the stores in Nishinomiya, and compared it with two hierarchical structures, one derived from the Christaller's law, and the other from a spatial randomness. We consequently concluded that the spatial hierarchy found in the real world often seemds to have one kind of regularity, but such regularity can be found in a spatial randomness. Second, we expand this method to a space on network. By this expansion, we can analyze the spatial structure from a view of behavioral models. We applied this method to the analysis of retail facilities, public schools, and post offices. From this analysis, we obtained some important findings. Third, we develop a computational algorithm to optimize hierarchical structures of facilities. There are already several algorithms to optimize the location of facilities, but they do not enables us to optimize the hierarchical structure itself. Out algorithm is one solution to this problem. To test the validity of this method, we applied it to the optimization of mail delivery system, and we could obtain an almost ideal structure.

本研究旨在开发一种描述和优化设施空间结构中的层次结构的方法。首先，我们开发了一种图论方法来分析设施的空间层次结构。借助该方法，我们可以通过多个索引来描述空间层次结构；树长、树宽和 K 值。我们将这种方法应用于西宫的商店，并将其与两种层次结构进行比较，一种来自克里斯塔勒定律，另一种来自空间随机性。由此我们得出的结论是，现实世界中的空间层次往往看起来具有一种规律性，但这种规律性却可以在空间随机性中找到。其次，我们将该方法扩展到网络上的空间。通过这种扩展，我们可以从行为模型的角度来分析空间结构。我们将此方法应用于零售设施、公立学校和邮局的分析。从这个分析中，我们获得了一些重要的发现。第三，我们开发了一种计算算法来优化设施的层次结构。已经有几种算法可以优化设施的位置，但它们无法使我们能够优化层次结构本身。 Out算法是解决这个问题的一种方法。为了检验该方法的有效性，我们将其应用到邮件发送系统的优化中，得到了一个近乎理想的结构。