BII: Uncovering mechanisms of amphibian resilience to global change from molecules to landscapes

BII：揭示两栖动物对从分子到景观的全球变化的适应机制

• 批准号: 2120084
• 负责人: Corinne Richards-Zawacki
• 金额: $ 1249.93万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2120084&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BII; Uncovering; mechanisms; amphibian; resilience

Paramount to predicting the future of biodiversity is knowing when and how living systems are resilient to (i.e., can recover from) anthropogenic disturbances. The focus of this Biology Integration Institute is on understanding resilience to a key global threat: emerging infectious diseases. The team will develop a new framework to measure resilience across multiple scales, stressors, and systems, and apply it to a case study involving a fungal disease linked to global amphibian declines. Building on past research in four complementary systems, the team will address four questions: (1) How does the history of disturbance differ across systems? (2) How have changes at different levels of biological organization shaped overall system responses? (3) What are the mechanisms contributing to resilience and are they shared across systems? (4) How is resilience modulated by multiple interacting stressors? The framework and findings will be applicable to hundreds of amphibian species facing disease-related stressors and, more broadly, for understanding the resilience of biological systems to myriad global change threats. The Institute’s training activities will reach and connect high school through postdoctoral scholars using authentic biology research experiences that foster cross-disciplinary understanding, serve large numbers of students with a focus on underrepresented groups, and promote persistence in STEM. Outreach activities will reach students, teachers, members of the public, and wildlife managers with messages about biodiversity, resilience, and global change. Together, the institute’s activities will showcase the power of an integrative, team science approach for addressing some of the biggest and most challenging questions in biology.The focus of this Biology Integration Institute (BII) is on understanding resilience in the context of global change. Resilience, or the ability to recover after a perturbation, is an emergent property of living systems. Progress toward a mechanistic understanding has been stymied by the lack of a common currency and framework that is applicable across scales, among systems, and in response to different stressors. The team’s activities will address these knowledge gaps by developing a flexible resilience framework and applying it to a detailed case study involving a key global change threat to biodiversity: emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). Leveraging past research, the team aims to uncover mechanisms of resilience to chytridiomycosis, an EID of amphibians caused by a fungal pathogen, in four complementary systems by answering four key questions: (1) How does the history of disturbance differ across systems? (2) How have changes at different levels of biological organization shaped overall system responses? (3) What are the mechanisms contributing to resilience and are they shared across systems? (4) How is resilience modulated by multiple interacting stressors? The Institute’s training and outreach programs will feed back into the research. Training activities will reach and connect high school through postdoctoral scholars from across the country through authentic biology research experiences that foster cross-disciplinary understanding, serve large numbers of students with a focus on underrepresented groups, and promote persistence in STEM. Outreach activities will reach students and teachers, members of the public, and wildlife managers with messages about global change and resilience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

对于预测生物多样性的未来，重要的是知道生命系统何时以及如何弹性（即可以从可以从）中恢复）人为疾病。该生物融合研究所的重点是了解对全球关键威胁的韧性：新兴的传染病。该团队将开发一个新的框架来衡量跨多个尺度，压力源和系统的弹性，并将其应用于案例研究，涉及与全球两栖动物下降有关的真菌疾病。在过去的四个完整系统中的过去研究的基础上，团队将解决四个问题：（1）遇险历史在整个系统之间有何不同？ （2）在不同级别的生物组织中的变化如何形成整体系统响应？ （3）有助于弹性的机制，它们是否在整个系统中共享？ （4）如何通过多个相互作用的压力来调节弹性？该框架和发现将适用于数百种面临与疾病相关的压力源的两栖动物，更广泛地了解生物系统对无数全球变化威胁的弹性。该研究所的培训活动将使用真实的生物学研究经验通过博士后学者来接触并联系高中，这些研究经验促进跨学科的理解，为大量学生提供专注于代表性不足的群体并促进STEM的持久性的学生。外展活动将吸引学生，老师，公众和野生动植物经理，并提供有关生物多样性，韧性和全球变化的信息。该研究所的活动共同展示了一种综合，团队科学方法，以解决生物学中一些最大，最挑战的问题。该生物融合研究所（BII）的重点是在全球变化的背景下理解韧性。弹性或扰动后恢复的能力是生活系统的新兴属性。由于缺乏适用于范围，系统中以及对不同压力源的响应的普通货币和框架，朝着机械理解方面的进步所困扰。该团队的活动将通过开发灵活的弹性框架来解决这些知识差距，并将其应用于详细的案例研究，涉及对生物多样性的关键全球变化威胁：新兴的传染病（EIDS）。为了利用过去的研究，该团队的目标是通过回答四个关键问题，揭示由真菌病原体引起的两栖动物的弹性机制，这是由真菌病原体引起的两栖动物的EID：（1）跨系统之间的干扰历史有何不同？ （2）在不同级别的生物组织中的变化如何形成整体系统响应？ （3）有助于弹性的机制，它们是否在整个系统中共享？ （4）如何通过多个相互作用的压力来调节弹性？该研究所的培训和外展计划将反馈研究。培训活动将通过来自全国各地的博士后学者通过真实的生物学研究经验到达并连接高中，这些研究经验促进跨学科的理解，为大量学生提供专注于代表性不足的群体并促进STEM的持久性。外展活动将吸引学生和老师，公众和野生动植物经理，并提供有关全球变化和弹性的信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来评估，被认为是珍贵的支持。

项目成果

A guide for developing a field research safety manual that explicitly considers risks for marginalized identities in the sciences

• DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13970
• 发表时间: 2022-09-20
• 期刊: METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: Rudzki, Elizabeth N.;Kuebbing, Sara E.;Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.
• 通讯作者: Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.

Developmental environment has lasting effects on amphibian post-metamorphic behavior and thermal physiology

发育环境对两栖动物变态后行为和热生理学具有持久影响

• DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244883
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Experimental Biology
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Ohmer, Michel E.;Hammond, Talisin T.;Switzer, Samantha;Wantman, Trina;Bednark, Jeffery G.;Paciotta, Emilie;Coscia, Jordan;Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.
• 通讯作者: Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.

Seasonality of host immunity in a tropical disease system

热带疾病系统中宿主免疫的季节性

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4158
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Rosa, Gonçalo M.;Perez, Rachel;Richards, Lora A.;Richards‐Zawacki, Corinne L.;Smilanich, Angela M.;Reinert, Laura K.;Rollins‐Smith, Louise A.;Wetzel, Daniel P.;Voyles, Jamie
• 通讯作者: Voyles, Jamie

Lymphocyte Inhibition by the Salamander-Killing Chytrid Fungus, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans

杀死蝾螈壶菌真菌（Batrachochytrium salamdrivorans）对淋巴细胞的抑制

• DOI: 10.1128/iai.00020-22
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Infection and Immunity
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Rollins-Smith, Louise A.;Reinert, Laura K.;Le Sage, Mitchell;Linney, Kaitlyn N.;Gillard, Bria M.;Umile, Thomas P.;Minbiole, Kevin P.
• 通讯作者: Minbiole, Kevin P.