HBCU Excellence in Research: Research and Education Center for Investigation of Chemical Transformations in Host-Guest Systems at Extreme Conditions

HBCU 卓越研究：极端条件下主客体系统化学转化研究和教育中心

• 批准号: 2302437
• 负责人: Mohammad Mahmood
• 金额: $ 51.12万
• 依托单位: Howard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2302437&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: HBCU; Excellence; Research; Education; Center

With support from the Chemical Structure, Dynamics, and Mechanisms-A (CSDM-A) program in the Division of Chemistry and the Office of Integrative Activities (OIA), Professor Mohammad Mahmood of Howard University and Dr. Alexander Goncharov of Carnegie Institution of Washington will use synchrotron and free electron laser X-ray diffraction, Raman, and optical spectroscopy to study host-guest compounds with a focus on C-N-O-H phase diagrams under extreme conditions of high pressures and temperatures. This work is intended to address the challenges associated with understanding the response of molecular materials and host-guest systems to the extreme conditions of high pressure and temperature and their chemical reactivity and transformations at these conditions. This research is a physical chemical study of relevance to earth, and planetary science as information about the structure, composition and stability of molecular and host-guest compounds can be used to address a variety of questions related to planetary interiors. Furthermore, this activity will open a possibility for the talented young scientists from underrepresented groups to be trained in an academic environment under combined supervision at Howard University and the Carnegie Institution to prepare them for potential careers in science.The proposed research program will be centered on investigations of matter under extreme conditions of high pressure and extreme temperatures (P-T). The focus will be on host-guest systems; both water cages hosts containing various guest molecules and co-crystalline systems will be studied. These systems are characterized by a wealth of physical and chemical phenomena, particularly under conditions of extreme temperature and pressure. This takes on additional relevance as some of these systems are thought to be components of planetary interiors. Professor Mahmood and Dr. Goncharov and their team including postdoctoral associates and graduate and undergraduate students will investigate the structure, composition and vibrational properties of these systems, as well as their physical and chemical transformations as a function of pressure and temperature. In so doing, the team aspires to establish potential connections of these systems with emergent phenomena such as high-temperature superconductivity. The experiments will involve state-of-the-art diffraction and spectroscopic techniques including synchrotron and XFEL diffraction, and Raman and optical spectroscopy performed with diamond anvil cells. As a result of these studies, it is anticipated that a better understanding of the chemistry and physics of host-guest complexes under extreme conditions will be developed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在化学部化学结构、动力学和机理-A (CSDM-A) 项目和综合活动办公室 (OIA) 的支持下，霍华德大学 Mohammad Mahmood 教授和华盛顿卡内基研究所 Alexander Goncharov 博士将使用同步加速器和自由电子激光 X 射线衍射、拉曼和光谱来研究主客体化合物，重点研究高压极端条件下的 C-N-O-H 相图和温度。这项工作旨在解决与了解分子材料和主客体系统对高压和高温极端条件的响应及其在这些条件下的化学反应性和转化相关的挑战。这项研究是与地球和行星科学相关的物理化学研究，因为有关分子和主客体化合物的结构、组成和稳定性的信息可用于解决与行星内部相关的各种问题。此外，这项活动将为来自代表性不足群体的有才华的年轻科学家提供在霍华德大学和卡内基研究所联合监督下的学术环境中接受培训的可能性，为他们在科学领域的潜在职业做好准备。拟议的研究计划将集中于在高压和极端温度（P-T）的极端条件下对物质进行研究。重点是主客体系统；将研究含有各种客体分子和共晶系统的水笼主体。这些系统的特点是存在大量的物理和化学现象，特别是在极端温度和压力的条件下。 这具有额外的相关性，因为其中一些系统被认为是行星内部的组成部分。 Mahmood 教授和 Goncharov 博士以及他们的团队（包括博士后同事、研究生和本科生）将研究这些系统的结构、组成和振动特性，以及它们作为压力和温度函数的物理和化学变化。 通过这样做，该团队希望建立这些系统与高温超导等新兴现象的潜在联系。实验将涉及最先进的衍射和光谱技术，包括同步加速器和 XFEL 衍射，以及使用金刚石砧池进行的拉曼和光谱技术。作为这些研究的结果，预计将更好地了解极端条件下主客体复合物的化学和物理。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。