Collaborative Research: P2C2--MADagascar Caves And Paleoclimate II (MADCAP II), Continuing Study of Climate Variability in the Southern Hemisphere of the Western Indian Ocean

合作研究：P2C2--MA达加斯加洞穴和古气候II (MADCAP II)，西印度洋南半球气候变化的持续研究

• 批准号: 2102975
• 负责人: William McGee
• 金额: $ 25.89万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2102975&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; P2C2; MADagascar; Caves

The research team aims to build upon previous research using speleothems from caves in northwest and southwest Madagascar to reconstruct Late Pleistocene and Holocene climate from a Southern Hemisphere tropical site and to examine the role of climate in the ongoing alteration of the island’s ecosystems. Using previously collected samples, the researchers plan to construct high-resolution (decadal) multiproxy climate records from the Last Glacial Maximum (26,000 years ago) to the present from high-resolution (near annual resolution) analyses for periods of particular climatic interest (e.g., the 4.2 ka event, Younger Dryas). The researchers will extract organic matter from the speleothems across an interval of marked change in speleothem delta Carbon-13 and measure biomarker concentrations and the same to test a newly developed “subsistence shift hypothesis” for the disappearance of Madagascar’s megafauna. Speleothem fluid inclusion water isotopes, combined with carbonate Oxygen isotopes, will be examined as a tool to estimate paleotemperatures over the past 117,000 years for southwest Madagascar and the past 26,000 years for northwest Madagascar.The goal of the project is to produce long, high resolution records of climate from the Southern Hemisphere tropics. These data will aid in understanding the influences of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) migration, western Indian Ocean sea-surface temperature (SST), and regional precipitation. In particular the project will investigate whether the Indian Ocean Monsoon in the Northern versus Southern Hemispheres vary in or out of phase at various timescales and test current hypotheses on tropical rainfall variation.The potential Broader Impacts include the integration of science across the fields of paleoclimatology, anthropology, and biology to provide background climate data needed for interpreting the impact of climate on a variety of fossil communities of the past. The research team will produce educational materials and exhibits prepared for a general audience to heighten public awareness of Tsimanampesotse National Park’s natural history, biodiversity, and extinction events. The project will help develop a better understanding of the causes of decadal-scale climate variability which can aid in forecasting possible changes in rainfall in a country that experiences severe drought and flooding on inter-annual time scales and relies on subsistence farming for survival.This project includes supporting an early career female post-doctoral scholar in the United States and collaboration with Malagasy scientists and students as well.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究小组的目标是建立在先前的研究基础上，使用来自西北和马达加斯加西南部的洞穴，以重建南半球热带地点的深层和全新世气候，并研究攀岩在岛屿生态系统正在进行的变化中的作用。研究人员使用先前收集的样品，计划构建高分辨率（年代际）攀爬记录，从最后的冰川最大值（26，000年）到现在，从高分辨率（年度分辨率）分析（例如，特定气候兴趣的时期）（例如，4.2 KA，年轻的Dryas）。研究人员将在speleothems delta碳-13的明显变化的间隔中从speleothems中提取有机物，并测量生物标志物浓度，以测试新开发的“生存转移假设”，以消失马达加斯加的Megafauna。棘突液含水同位素与碳酸盐氧同位素相结合，将被视为一种工具，用于估算过去117,000年的古植物，西南马达加斯加（Southwest Madagascar）以及过去26,000年的马达加斯加（Northwest Madagascar）。这些数据将有助于理解热带间收敛区（ITCZ）迁移，印度洋海洋表面温度（SST）和区域精度的影响。 In particular the project will investigate whether the Indian Ocean Monsoon in the Northern versus Southern Hemispheres vary in or out of phase at various timescales and test current hypotheses on tropical rainfall variation.The potential Broader Impacts include the integration of science across the fields of paleoclimatology, anthropology, and biology to provide background climb data needed for interpreting the impact of Climate on a variety of fossil communities of the past.研究小组将制作教育材料和为普通观众准备的展览，以提高公众对Tsimamampesotse国家公园的自然历史，生物多样性和扩展活动的认识。该项目将有助于更好地理解际气候变化的原因，这可以帮助预测一个国家 /地区遭受严重干旱和对年间时间量表的洪水的可能变化，并依赖于生存的生存。该项目包括支持早期的职业女性与统计的女性合作和统计学家的宣传和学生的宣传，并良好的学生和学生的合作良好，并及使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，通过评估被认为是宝贵的支持。

项目成果

Tropical Indian Ocean basin hydroclimate at the Mid- to Late-Holocene transition and the double drying hypothesis

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107837
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: N. Scroxton;S. Burns;D. McGee;L. Godfrey;Lovasoa Ranivoharimanana;P. Faina;Benjamin H. Tiger

Hydroclimate variability in the Madagascar and Southeast African summer monsoons at the Mid- to Late-Holocene transition

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107874
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: N. Scroxton;S. Burns;D. McGee;L. Godfrey;Lovasoa Ranivoharimanana;P. Faina;Benjamin H. Tiger