FMRG: Threading High-Performance, Self-Morphing Building Blocks Across Scales Toward a Sustainable Future

FMRG：跨尺度构建高性能、自我变形的构建模块，迈向可持续的未来

• 批准号: 2037097
• 负责人: Shu Yang
• 金额: $ 460万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2037097&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FMRG; Threading; Performance; Self; Morphing

This Future EcoManufacturing research grant will develop sustainable, self-morphing building blocks from the nano to macro scales inspired by the biological systems to devise novel manufacturing processes of highly efficient structures and components from centimeter to meter scale. These systems will be lightweight, yet ultrastrong, self-supportive, adaptive and energy efficient. Using common construction materials such as concrete, steel, aluminum, carbon fibers in constructing sustainable buildings, bridges, and other products involves a lot of construction waste and energy consumption. Polymers and their composites potentially offer strong and lightweight alternatives, however, none has matched the performance of steel and concrete. Natural materials are known for their lightweight yet astoundingly high strength, stiffness, and toughness, such as spider silk, dragonfly wings, and trees, where the intricate nano- and microarchitectures can prevail into meter scale. Inspired by natural materials, this project will develop new rules, new bio-based and bioinspired composite materials, and new eco-manufacturing methods to create low-cost, high-performance structural components for reuse, repurposing, and upcycling. It will bring researchers in architectural and structural designs, chemistry, physics, materials science, bio-, chemical and mechanical engineering, computation and economics together. It will also train an inclusive and responsible future Science, Technology, Engineering, the Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) workforce and K-12 through curricula innovation, science demos, public exhibitions, workshop, and underrepresented minority outreach and internship. This Future EcoManufacturing research aims to bridge the nanometer- and meter-scale by addressing common questions in design and manufacturing, while overcoming existing challenges at the macroscale such as gravity versus internal structural forces. Several types of nano- and microstructured design elements will be manufactured from scalable bio-based and bioinspired composite materials with intrinsic anisotropy, followed by eco-construction via origami/kirigami engineering, modular assembly, and on-demand printing. By fine-tuning the material’s interfacial interactions to program the dynamic and active behaviors for reuse, repurpose and upcycling, and use of form-finding and topology optimization techniques, the project will achieve higher performance (e.g. lower weight, higher precision, high strength, novel wave-matter interactions) with fewer parts and reduced assembly. The project will involve four highly synergistic thrusts, including 1) multi-scaled design, modeling, prediction and optimization of stimuli-responsive structures at multi-scales, 2) assembly of anisotropic, responsive and high strength multi-materials at the nano-/microscale, 3) proof-of-concept, reduction-to-practice eco-manufacturing of materials developed in 2) into structures designed in 1), and 4) pushing the envelope to achieve additional performative function with reduced material via wave-matter engineering. This Future Manufacturing research is supported by the Divisions of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (ENG/CMMI), Materials Research (MPS/DMR), Chemistry (MPS/CHE), Engineering Education and Centers (ENG/EEC), and the Division of Undergraduate Education (EHR/DUE).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项未来生态制造研究资助将受生物系统的启发，开发从纳米到宏观尺度的可持续、自我变形的构建模块，以设计从厘米到米尺度的高效结构和组件的新颖制造工艺。这些系统将是轻质但超强的。使用混凝土、钢材、铝、碳纤维等常见建筑材料来建造可持续建筑、桥梁和其他产品可能会产生大量建筑垃圾和能源消耗。天然材料提供了坚固且轻质的替代品，但没有一种材料能与钢材和混凝土的性能相媲美。天然材料以其轻质而高的强度、刚度和韧性而闻名，例如蜘蛛丝、蜻蜓翅膀和树木，其中含有复杂的纳米材料。 - 受天然材料的启发，微建筑将发展到米级，该项目将开发新的规则、新的生物基和仿生复合材料以及新的生态制造方法，以创造低成本、高性能的结构部件以供重复使用，它将把建筑和结构设计、化学、物理学、材料科学、生物、化学和机械工程、计算和经济学的研究人员聚集在一起，还将培养具有包容性和负责任的未来科学、技术、工程、这项未来生态制造研究旨在通过课程创新、科学演示、公共展览、研讨会以及代表性不足的少数群体推广和实习，为艺术和数学 (STEAM) 劳动力和 K-12 提供帮助。通过解决设计和制造中的常见问题，同时克服宏观尺度上的现有挑战，例如重力与内部结构力，几种类型的纳米和微米结构设计元件将由具有内在的可扩展的生物基和仿生复合材料制造。各向异性，然后通过折纸/剪纸工程、模块化组装和按需打印进行生态建设，通过微调材料的界面相互作用来规划动态和活跃的行为，以进行再利用、重新利用和升级改造和使用。该项目将采用寻形和拓扑优化技术，以更少的零件和更少的装配来实现更高的性能（例如更轻的重量、更高的精度、高强度、新颖的波与物质相互作用），该项目将涉及四个协同推力，包括 1。 ) 多尺度刺激响应结构的多尺度设计、建模、预测和优化，2) 纳米/微米尺度各向异性、响应性和高强度多材料的组装，3)概念验证，将 2) 中开发的材料还原为实践生态制造 1) 中设计的结构，以及 4) 突破极限，通过波物质工程以减少的材料实现额外的性能功能。研究得到土木、机械和制造创新部门 (ENG/CMMI)、材料研究部门 (MPS/DMR)、化学部门 (MPS/CHE)、工程教育和中心 (ENG/EEC) 以及该部门的支持本科教育 (EHR/DUE)。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The Dragonfly Wing Project

蜻蜓翼计划

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Architectural design
• 影响因子: 0.3
• 作者: Zheng, Hao;Akbarzadeh, Masoud
• 通讯作者: Akbarzadeh, Masoud

Bio-Based Composite Spatial Shell Structures

生物基复合空间壳结构

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Proceedings of the {IASS} Annual Symposium 2023
• 作者: Akbari, Mostafa and

3D‐Printed Photoresponsive Liquid Crystal Elastomer Composites for Free‐Form Actuation

• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202210614
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Advanced Functional Materials
• 影响因子: 19
• 作者: Yuchen Wang;Rui Yin;Lishuai Jin;Mingzhu Liu;Yuchong Gao;J. Raney;Shu Yang

From design to the fabrication of shellular funicular structures

从贝壳索道结构的设计到制造

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA
• 作者: Akbari, M.;Lu, Y.;Akbarzadeh, M.
• 通讯作者: Akbarzadeh, M.

Mechanical performance of polyhedral hollow glass units under compression

多面体中空玻璃单元受压力学性能

• DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113730
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Engineering Structures
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Yost, Joseph Robert;Bolhassani, Mohammad;Chhadeh, Philipp Amir;Ryan, Liam;Schneider, Jens;Akbarzadeh, Masoud
• 通讯作者: Akbarzadeh, Masoud