RAPID: Collaborative Research: Predicting the Spread of Multi-Species Coral Disease Using Species Immune Traits

RAPID：合作研究：利用物种免疫特征预测多物种珊瑚疾病的传播

• 批准号: 1928609
• 负责人: Adrienne Simoes Correa
• 金额: $ 3.95万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1928609&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Predicting; Spread

Title: Predicting the Spread of Multi-Species Coral Disease Using Species Immune TraitsCoral reef ecosystems provide substantial economic resources to the societies of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) and other US locations in the forms of tourism, fishing and coastal protection. However, reefs are among the most threatened marine environments, and coral disease is having a devastating impact on these valued systems. In early 2019, a multi-species rapid tissue loss disease matching the description of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) was found severely affecting a reef off the southwest coast of St. Thomas in the US Virgin Islands (USVI). SCTLD has been devastating coral reef communities in southeast Florida for the last four years, and was very recently reported from disparate areas around the Caribbean, including Mexico, Jamaica, and St. Martin. Rapid surveys by the investigators at the University of the Virgin Islands believe that a 50 km2 area southwest of St. Thomas is the initial incidence area of the disease, but will likely spread across the USVI, British Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. This study performs experiments to understand how this disease affects coral species immune traits and compares the microbiology and physiology of disease samples in the USVI to samples from Florida. It also examines how changing the species composition of a coral community affects the spread and impact of the disease. The overall aim is to produce a model to predict the impact of multi-species disease spread on reefs based on coral species assemblages. The project contributes to the research training of at least 2 undergraduates, 2 M.S. students, and 3 Ph.D. students, who benefit from cross-investigator mentoring. The research team includes representatives to the Coral Disease Advisory Committees for the USVI and Florida, which ensures rapid communication of findings to management bodies in both regions. Coral disease is a significant and increasing threat to Caribbean coral reef systems. Recent results demonstrate that coral species immune traits can predict disease resistance, and thus, forecast impacts to coral community structure, under multi-species coral disease. The onset of this epizootic in the USVI offers an unprecedented opportunity to test hypotheses about the impact of coral resistance, tolerance and immune traits on disease spread during the early stages of an outbreak that could profoundly change the diversity of Caribbean reefs. It is hypothesized that the abundance of highly susceptible species dictates 1) the onset of disease at reef sites downstream of the initial incidence area, and 2) the spread of disease within reef sites. Furthermore, 3) downstream reef sites where highly susceptible species are removed or treated show lower immune responses in all susceptible corals, later onset of disease, and slower within-site disease spread. To test these hypotheses, two experiments directly compare species responses to disease exposure and test the effect of species assemblage on coral immune function and disease spread. Results from these experiments aim to inform a generalizable model to predict the impact of multi-species disease spread on reefs based on coral species assemblages. Results of this project include direct comparison of the USVI disease to Florida SCTLD and a better understanding of how the abundance of highly susceptible host species impacts the spread of disease during the early onset of a multi-species panzootic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

标题：利用物种免疫特征预测多物种珊瑚病的传播珊瑚礁生态系统以旅游、渔业和海岸保护的形式为美属维尔京群岛 (USVI) 和美国其他地区的社会提供了大量的经济资源。 然而，珊瑚礁是受威胁最严重的海洋环境之一，珊瑚病正在对这些宝贵的系统产生毁灭性影响。 2019 年初，在美属维尔京群岛 (USVI) 圣托马斯西南海岸附近发现了一种与石珊瑚组织损失病 (SCTLD) 描述相符的多物种快速组织损失病，严重影响了珊瑚礁。过去四年来，SCTLD 一直在破坏佛罗里达州东南部的珊瑚礁群落，最近加勒比地区的不同地区（包括墨西哥、牙买加和圣马丁）都有报道称 SCTLD。维尔京群岛大学调查人员快速调查认为，圣托马斯西南50平方公里的地区是该病的首发区，但很可能会蔓延到美属维尔京群岛、英属维尔京群岛和波多黎各。这项研究通过实验来了解这种疾病如何影响珊瑚物种的免疫特征，并将美属维尔京群岛疾病样本与佛罗里达州样本的微生物学和生理学进行比较。它还研究了珊瑚群落物种组成的变化如何影响疾病的传播和影响。总体目标是建立一个模型，根据珊瑚物种组合预测多物种疾病传播对珊瑚礁的影响。该项目有助于至少 2 名本科生、2 名硕士生的研究培训。学生和 3 名博士。学生，他们受益于跨研究者指导。研究团队包括美属维尔京群岛和佛罗里达州珊瑚病咨询委员会的代表，这确保了将研究结果快速传达给两个地区的管理机构。珊瑚病对加勒比珊瑚礁系统构成重大且日益严重的威胁。最近的结果表明，珊瑚物种的免疫特征可以预测疾病的抵抗力，从而预测多物种珊瑚疾病对珊瑚群落结构的影响。这种动物流行病在美属维尔京群岛的爆发提供了一个前所未有的机会，可以检验有关珊瑚抵抗力、耐受性和免疫特征对疾病爆发早期阶段疾病传播影响的假设，这可能会深刻改变加勒比珊瑚礁的多样性。据推测，高度易感物种的丰富度决定了 1) 疾病在初始发病区域下游的珊瑚礁地点的发作，以及 2) 疾病在珊瑚礁地点内的传播。此外，3）在高度易感物种被移除或处理的下游珊瑚礁地点，所有易感珊瑚的免疫反应均较低，疾病发病较晚，且在地点内疾病传播较慢。为了检验这些假设，两个实验直接比较了物种对疾病暴露的反应，并测试了物种组合对珊瑚免疫功能和疾病传播的影响。这些实验的结果旨在为一个通用模型提供信息，以预测多物种疾病传播对基于珊瑚物种组合的珊瑚礁的影响。该项目的结果包括将美属维尔京群岛疾病与佛罗里达州 SCTLD 进行直接比较，以及更好地了解高度易感宿主物种的丰富度如何影响多物种泛兽疫早期爆发期间的疾病传播。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命和通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，该项目被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Variable Species Responses to Experimental Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD) Exposure

不同物种对实验性石珊瑚组织损失病 (SCTLD) 暴露的反应

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.670829
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Meiling, Sonora S.;Muller, Erinn M.;Lasseigne, Danielle;Rossin, Ashley;Veglia, Alex J.;MacKnight, Nicholas;Dimos, Bradford;Huntley, Naomi;Correa, Adrienne M.;Smith, Tyler Burton;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Alphaflexivirus Genomes in Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease-Affected, Disease-Exposed, and Disease-Unexposed Coral Colonies in the U.S. Virgin Islands

美属维尔京群岛受疾病影响、暴露于疾病和未暴露于疾病的珊瑚群落中的 Alphaflexivirus 基因组

• DOI: 10.1128/mra.01199-21
• 发表时间: 2022-02-17
• 期刊: Microbiology Resource Announcements
• 影响因子: 0.8
• 作者: Veglia AJ;Beavers K;Van Buren EW;Meiling SS;Muller EM;Smith TB;Holstein DM;Apprill A;Brandt ME;Mydlarz LD;Correa AMS
• 通讯作者: Correa AMS

Symbiont community diversity is more variable in corals that respond poorly to stress

在对压力反应较差的珊瑚中，共生群落的多样性变化更大

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14999
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: Global Change Biology
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Howe‐Kerr, Lauren I.;Bachelot, Benedicte;Wright, Rachel M.;Kenkel, Carly D.;Bay, Line K.;Correa, Adrienne M. S.
• 通讯作者: Correa, Adrienne M. S.

Revisiting the rules of life for viruses of microorganisms

重新审视微生物病毒的生命规则

• DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00530-x
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Nature Reviews Microbiology
• 影响因子: 88.1
• 作者: Correa, Adrienne M.;Howard;Coy, Samantha R.;Buchan, Alison;Sullivan, Matthew B.;Weitz, Joshua S.
• 通讯作者: Weitz, Joshua S.