Mechanisms of Behavioral Synchrony and Division of Labor in a Monogamous Mammalian Species, the California Mouse

一夫一妻制哺乳动物加州小鼠的行为同步和分工机制

基本信息

批准号：
1946613
负责人：
Catherine Marler
金额：
$ 95.3万
依托单位：
University of Wisconsin-Madison
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-01-15 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1946613&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Mechanisms Behavioral Synchrony Division Labor

项目摘要

Many complex social interactions need to occur to form a coordinated family unit. The importance of coordinated behaviors will be examined during courtship in both forming bonds between a pair and predicting future ability to coordinate behaviors necessary for raising young. Using the California mouse as a model, a long-standing question in behavior will be tested: how can a courting pair in a biparental monogamous species assess ability to raise young in the future? Coordination in behavior will be examined by synchrony measurements, as well as ability to divide labor, both of which are important aspects of coordination depending on the complexity of the social and environmental challenges. In a biparental species like the California mouse, the birth of young is a significant event and pairs are expected to transition from largely synchronized behaviors prior to birth to greater division of labor after birth in response to competing time and energy demands. The role of oxytocin, and its sites of action in the brain, in coordinating behavior also will be explored through effects on both synchrony and the behavioral coordination of pairs. It is expected that oxytocin will link different types of behavioral coordination across life history stages. This will increase understanding of behavioral coordination in a family unit, a topic important for understanding human family dynamics. Graduate and undergraduate students, as well as underrepresented high school students, will be trained and exposed to research through a diversity of venues. Additionally, seminars will be given both locally and throughout Wisconsin communities, along with and an outreach component through an animal behavior blog.Behavioral synchrony and division of labor (DOL) are critical for coordinating male-female pair behavior and raising viable offspring. In the biparental California mouse (Peromyscus californicus), the roles of synchrony and DOL will be examined with three hypotheses. (1) Courtship synchrony strengthens pair bonding and contributes to increased fitness. Variation in courtship synchrony, and its impact on fitness, will be manipulated and measured through location and temporal matching of movement and acoustic behaviors. Pair bond strength will be assessed by measuring pair interactions under varying conditions. (2) Courtship synchrony is a mechanism for pairs to assess future ability to coordinate behavior, allowing pair bonding but also DOL for raising offspring. Pairs with and without pups will be given food and intruder challenges. It is proposed that greater courtship synchrony will predict greater synchrony in low challenge tasks and greater DOL in high challenge tasks. 3) Oxytocin underlies synchrony during courtship and coordination of behavior after pair formation. Pair social coordination is likely influenced by oxytocin, known for effects on bonding and social salience; however, the role of oxytocin remains underexplored in long-term behavioral coordination of pairs. The research will examine whether oxytocin-induced changes in behavioral coordination and brain activity via intranasal infusions are blocked by infusion of intracerebroventricular oxytocin or vasopressin receptor antagonists. It is predicted that stimulation of these receptors will activate limbic and cortical brain regions associated with reward and behavioral coordination. Overall this project reveals behavioral and neural mechanisms needed to create a successful family unit through bonding and behavioral coordination.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

需要进行许多复杂的社交互动以形成协调的家庭单位。协调行为的重要性将在求爱过程中进行检查，以在两人之间形成债券，并预测未来培养年轻所必需的行为的能力。将加利福尼亚小鼠作为模型，将测试一个长期存在的行为问题：如何在二聚体一夫一妻制中求婚，以评估未来提高年轻人的能力？行为的协调将通过同步测量以及分裂劳动的能力来检查，这两者都是协调的重要方面，具体取决于社会和环境挑战的复杂性。在诸如加利福尼亚小鼠之类的二聚体物种中，Young的诞生是一个重大事件，预计对在出生前很大的同步行为过渡到响应竞争时间和能源需求后出生后的劳动分裂。催产素及其在大脑中的作用部位在协调行为中的作用也将通过对同步和对成对的行为协调的影响来探索。预计催产素将在生活历史阶段链接不同类型的行为协调。这将增加对家庭单位行为协调的理解，这对于理解人类家庭动态的重要性很重要。研究生和本科生以及代表性不足的高中学生将通过各种场所进行培训并接受研究。此外，将在本地和整个威斯康星州社区以及通过动物行为博客的外展组成部分进行研讨会。行为同步和劳动分工（DOL）对于协调男女配对行为和提高可行的后代至关重要。在加利福尼亚双方小鼠（加利福尼亚的Peromyscus）中，同步和DOL的作用将使用三个假设进行检查。（1）求爱同步增强了配对的粘结，并有助于提高健身。求爱同步的变化及其对健身的影响将通过移动和声学行为的位置和时间匹配来操纵和衡量。配对键强度将通过在不同条件下测量对相互作用来评估。（2）求爱同步是评估未来协调行为能力，允许配对键合的能力的一种机制，也可以提高后代。有和没有幼犬的对成对将受到食物和入侵者的挑战。有人提出，更大的求爱同步将预测低挑战任务中的更大同步和在高挑战任务中更大的DOL。 3）催产素是求爱过程中同步和成对形成后行为协调的基础。成对的社会协调可能受催产素的影响，催产素以对纽带和社会显着性的影响而闻名；然而，催产素在对长期行为协调中的作用仍未得到充实。该研究将检查催产素诱导的行为协调和大脑活性通过鼻内输注是否会因输注脑室内催产素还是加压素受体拮抗剂的阻断。据预测，这些受体的刺激将激活与奖励和行为协调相关的边缘和皮质大脑区域。总体而言，该项目揭示了通过纽带和行为协调创建成功的家庭单位所需的行为和神经机制。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估评估的评估值得支持的。