RESEARCH-PGR: Genomic analysis of heat stress tolerance during tomato pollination

RESEARCH-PGR：番茄授粉过程中热应激耐受性的基因组分析

基本信息

批准号：
1939255
负责人：
Mark Johnson
金额：
$ 300万
依托单位：
Brown University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1939255&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RESEARCH PGR Genomic analysis heat

项目摘要

High temperatures during flowering and pollination can result in significant fruit losses, because of heat sensitivity of pollen tube growth. Different tomato varieties show significant differences in heat sensitivity of pollen tube growth. Making use of this naturally occurring variety, this project seeks to identify the molecular basis of adaptations that mitigate the yield-damaging consequences of heat stress during crop reproduction. The goal is to develop new tomato varieties that are fertile and continue to produce fruits at high temperature. This project will train undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in genome science, developmental biology, and computational analysis of genetic variation. The project will build on the successful outreach program developed by one of the team members. This program has been used to teach plant genetics and the science of plant breeding and genetic engineering to more than 1000 9th grade students, tailoring it to focus on the effects of temperature stress on tomato reproduction.It is hypothesized that thermotolerant tomato varieties express a pollen tube heat stress response that is either absent or diminished in thermosensitive cultivars and that the thermotolerant pistil buffers heat stress and facilitates pollen tube growth. To identify the molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance in tomato, transcription changes that accompany heat stress in pollen tubes and pistil will be measured in heat tolerant and heat sensitive tomato varieties. Haploid selection mapping of pollen tube heat tolerance will be performed, followed by experimental tests whether identified candidate genes are causally related to heat tolerance. This project will generate accessible and readily available community databases 1) detailing reproductive gene expression responses to elevated temperature and 2) registering genetic variants across hundreds of tomato genomes to enable analysis of heat stress adaptation and other traits. The project will define the transcriptional changes that accompany heat stress in the pollen tube and pistil (Aim 1), genetic variation responsible for pollen tube thermotolerance (Aims 2 and 3), and the functions of individual thermotolerance genes using reverse genetics (Aim 4).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于花粉管生长的热敏感性，开花和授粉期间的高温可能会导致大量果实损失。不同的番茄品种在花粉管生长的热敏感性上显示出显着差异。该项目利用这种天然发生的变化，旨在确定适应的分子基础，从而减轻作物繁殖过程中热应激的产量损害后果。目的是开发肥沃的新番茄品种，并继续在高温下生产水果。该项目将在基因组科学，发育生物学以及遗传变异的计算分析中培训本科和研究生以及博士后研究员。该项目将建立在团队成员之一制定的成功的外展计划的基础上。该计划已用于教授植物遗传学和植物育种和遗传工程科学对1000多名9年级学生的量身定制，以专注于温度压力对番茄繁殖的影响。这是假设的，番茄品种表达了花粉管的热压力反应，使其在热压力中不存在，或者在热压力中会减轻，并且构成了热量的粉状和热量的粉丝，并呈现热剂量的粉丝和粉状粉丝。生长。为了鉴定番茄耐热性的分子机制，将以耐热和热敏感的番茄品种测量伴随花粉管和枪中热应激的转录变化。将进行花粉管热耐受性的单倍体选择映射，然后进行实验测试，确定的候选基因是否与热耐受性有因果关系。该项目将生成可访问且可用的社区数据库1）详细介绍对温度升高的生殖基因表达反应； 2）在数百个番茄基因组中注册遗传变异，以启用热应激适应和其他特征分析。该项目将定义花粉管和雌蕊的热应激伴随的转录变化（AIM 1），负责花粉管温度耐受的遗传变异（目标2和3），以及单个使用反向遗传学的单个温度耐耐受基因的功能（AIM 4）。这一奖项反映了NSF的范围和众所周知的范围。标准。