RESEARCH-PGR: Phenotypic and Genomic Diversity of North American Vitis

研究-PGR：北美葡萄的表型和基因组多样性

基本信息

批准号：
1741627
负责人：
Brandon Gaut
金额：
$ 243.58万
依托单位：
University of California-Irvine
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-01 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1741627&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RESEARCH PGR Phenotypic Genomic Diversity

项目摘要

The relationship between genome evolution and adaptation to stress has become increasingly important as environments change. Grapes (Vitis vinifera) are among the most important horticultural crops in the world, with over 1 million acres planted in the United States. Products of grape cultivation (table grapes, raisins, juice, wine and oil) have a value of $5.76 billion at the farm gate and an estimated $162 billion annually to the American economy. The viticulture industry has grown steadily over the past decade, but grape cultivation faces new and continuing challenges from diseases and abiotic stresses. Grape cultivation relies heavily on wild North American species for rootstocks, and that reliance is expanding. This project will allow researchers to determine the genetic composition of four wild grape species from the Southwest that are used, or have demonstrated promise, for grape breeding. The project will gather information about the ability of these species to resist Pierces Disease, it will generate new information about plant biology, genomics, and evolution, and it will make Vitis one of the best-studied botanical genera. Data obtained from this project will help worldwide grape breeding programs and will be available through a community resource, allowing the project investigators to share their research with members of the public and the wine and grape industries. They will also train and mentor undergraduate students, graduate students and postdoctoral scholars. The PIs work at public universities known for their efforts to broaden participation of underrepresented minorities in STEM fields and serving first generation college students. The cultivation, sustainability and security of grapes (Vitis vinifera) rely heavily on North American Vitis species as sources of resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. This project aims to make Vitis a leading perennial model for comparative genomics, landscape genomics and association genomics. It will also further understanding of the basic biology of resistance to Pierces Disease, which is critical for the sustainability of viticulture. Researchers will assay hundreds of natural accessions to identify plants with resistance and study the geographic distribution of resistance in nature. They will complement phenotypic assays with whole genome resequencing (WGS) data to identify signatures of local adaptation, study the phylogenomics of the genus, and associate genetic variation with climatic variables. They will also employ analyses that aim to uncover important basic information about candidate genes and the genetic architecture underlying abiotic and biotic stress responses. An additional goal is to generate reference genomes for four North American Vitis species that have been used in rootstock breeding; currently, no reference genomes exist for any North American Vitis species. These genomes will be a valuable community resource, facilitate interspecific analyses, form the basis for inferring the pace and pattern of structural rearrangements during species diversification, and aid the identification of homologous and syntenous regions between V. vinifera and its congeners.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着环境的变化，基因组演化与适应压力的适应性之间的关系变得越来越重要。葡萄（Vitis Vinifera）是世界上最重要的园艺作物之一，在美国种植了超过100万英亩的土地。葡萄种植的产物（葡萄葡萄，葡萄干，果汁，葡萄酒和石油）的价值为57.6亿美元，在美国经济中估计每年为1620亿美元。在过去的十年中，葡萄栽培产业稳步发展，但葡萄种植面临着疾病和非生物压力的新挑战。葡萄种植极大地依赖北美野生物种来用于砧木，这种依赖正在扩大。该项目将使研究人员能够从西南使用或表现出对葡萄育种有希望的四种野葡萄物种的遗传组成。该项目将收集有关这些物种抵抗刺穿疾病的能力的信息，它将产生有关植物生物学，基因组学和进化的新信息，并将使Vitis成为研究最佳的植物属之一。从该项目获得的数据将有助于全球葡萄育种计划，并可以通过社区资源获得，使项目调查人员能够与公众以及葡萄酒和葡萄行业分享他们的研究。他们还将培训和导师本科生，研究生和博士后学者。 PIS在公立大学工作以扩大代表性不足少数群体在STEM领域和为第一代大学生服务的努力而闻名。葡萄的培养，可持续性和安全性（Vitis Vinifera）严重依赖于北美葡萄酒作为对非生物和生物胁迫的抵抗来源。该项目旨在使Vitis成为比较基因组学，景观基因组学和关联基因组学的领先多年生模型。它还将进一步了解抗穿刺疾病的基本生物学，这对于葡萄栽培的可持续性至关重要。研究人员将分析数百种自然加入，以识别具有抗性的植物，并研究自然界耐药性的地理分布。他们将与整个基因组重新配置（WGS）数据补充表型测定，以鉴定局部适应性的特征，研究该属的系统基因组，并将遗传变异与气候变量相关联。他们还将采用分析，旨在发现有关候选基因的重要基本信息以及非生物和生物应激反应的遗传结构。另一个目标是生成用于砧木育种的四种北美静炎物种的参考基因组。目前，任何北美葡萄酒物种都不存在参考基因组。这些基因组将是一种有价值的社区资源，促进了种间分析，构成了在物种多样化期间结构重排的步伐和模式的基础，并有助于识别V. vinifera及其同类人员之间的同源和同步区域的识别。这一奖项通过评估NSF的法规委员会的范围和广泛的依据，这表明了Intellia and Intellia and Intellia and Intellia and Intervion and Infection。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（17）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Living with Two Genomes: Grafting and Its Implications for Plant Genome-to-Genome Interactions, Phenotypic Variation, and Evolution

DOI：
10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043545
发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS, VOL 53
影响因子：
0
作者：
Gaut, Brandon S.;Miller, Allison J.;Seymour, Danelle K.
通讯作者：
Seymour, Danelle K.

Genetic Characterization of Pierce’s Disease Resistance in a Vitis arizonica/monticola Wild Grapevine

亚利桑那葡萄/蒙蒂科拉野生葡萄皮尔斯抗病性的遗传特征

DOI：
10.5344/ajev.2022.22021
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Huerta-Acosta, Karla Gabriela;Riaz, Summaira;Tenscher, Alan;Walker, M. Andrew
通讯作者：
Walker, M. Andrew

The genetic basis of sex determination in grapes