TRTech-PGR: PlantTransform: Boosting Agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency in the orphan crop tef (Eragrostis tef) for trait improvement

TRTech-PGR：PlantTransform：提高孤儿作物 tef（画眉草 tef）中农杆菌介导的转化效率，以改善性状

• 批准号: 2327906
• 负责人: Ayalew Osena
• 金额: $ 81.8万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina Greensboro
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-02-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2327906&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: TRTech; PGR; PlantTransform; Boosting; Agrobacterium; TRTech; PGR; PlantTransform; Boosting; Agrobacterium

Plant genetic transformation plays a key role in understanding the genetic basis of complex traits. Transformation methods have been developed for model plants and some major crops such as rice and corn, which are usually poor in essential nutrients. In contrast, genetic transformation for underutilized or orphan crops such as tef (Eragrostis tef), which are gluten-free and rich in nutrients (minerals, vitamins, amino acids) and beneficial phytochemicals, is at a very infant stage due to limited genome information and lack of attention from scientists and funding agencies. This has tremendously delayed trait improvement in such crops. Therefore, there is a need to develop an efficient transformation method for tef genotypes varying in desirable traits including seed size and color, mineral content, iron bioavailability, and days to maturity. Moreover, transformation method has not been developed for the Indian lovegrass (E. pilosa), which is a wild progenitor of E. tef, and has several desirable traits including adaptation to wider environmental conditions, early maturity, and lodging tolerance, and is a potential source of traits for tef improvement. The major goal of this project is to develop transformation tools for diverse genotypes of E. tef and E. pilosa. This project will also offer training opportunities for University of North Carolina–Greensboro minority students, a postdoctoral researcher, and a visiting scientist from Ethiopia where tef is the most important staple crop. Furthermore, this project will support a tef genetic transformation workshop to be organized at the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research.Recently, the use of maize embryogenic regulator genes Baby boom (Bbm) and wushel (Wus2) has shown great promise for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of recalcitrant monocots including tef. Differences in transformation efficiency have also been observed between some tef varieties. However, the methods remain to be optimized. The specific objectives are: 1) to develop an efficient genetic transformation technique for tef, and 2) to develop transformation method for E. pilosa. Several Agrobacterium strains recently developed for recalcitrant monocots such as the thymine auxotrophic strains and engineered virulent strains, different tef genotypes varying in desirable traits and target tissues (leaf sheath and embryogenic calli), and varying tissue culture conditions will be tested to develop an efficient transformation method for tef and its wild relative Indian love grass. Resources generated from this project will be freely shared with the scientific community in the form of publications, protocols, workshops, presentations and websites.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物遗传转化在理解复杂性状的遗传基础方面起着关键作用。已经开发了用于模型植物和一些主要农作物（例如水稻和玉米）的转化方法，这些农作物通常在必需营养素中很差。相比之下，未充分利用或孤儿作物（例如Tef（Eragrostis tef））的遗传转化，这些作物不含麸质，富含营养（矿物质，维生素，氨基酸）和有益的植物化学化学物质，由于基因组信息有限，并且缺乏科学家和资助型Agending Agencencencies的关注，因此处于一个非常婴儿的阶段。这在此类农作物中的性状得到了极大的延迟。因此，需要开发一种有效的转化方法，用于在理想的特征中有所不同，包括种子大小和颜色，矿物质含量，铁生物利用度和成熟天数。此外，尚未为印度Lovegrass（E. pilosa）开发转型方法，该方法是E. tef的野生祖细胞，具有多种理想的特征，包括适应广泛的环境条件，早期的成熟度和容忍度，并且是TEF改善特征的潜在特征来源。该项目的主要目标是为E. tef和E. pilosa的潜水员基因型开发转型工具。该项目还将为北卡罗来纳大学 - 格林斯伯勒大学少数民族学生，博士后研究员以及来自埃塞俄比亚的客座科学家提供培训机会，那里的TEF是最重要的主食作物。此外，该项目将支持将在埃塞俄比亚农业研究所组织的TEF遗传转型研讨会。此外，使用玉米胚胎胚胎调节基因婴儿繁荣（BBM）和Wushel（WUS2）的使用对农业介导的Recalcitrant Monocots的Recalcitration recalcitrant Monocots的转化表现出了很大的希望。在某些TEF变化之间也观察到了转化效率的差异。但是，这些方法仍有待优化。具体目标是：1）为TEF开发有效的遗传转化技术，以及2）为pilosa开发转化方法。最近开发的几种用于顽固的单子叶植物（例如胸腺营养营养菌株和工程强毒性菌株，在理想的特征和目标时机（叶片鞘和胚胎生成性的calli）中不同的TEF基因型，以及各种组织培养条件的不同，将在野外转化的方法中，将测试具有野性的变化方法。该项目产生的资源将以出版物，协议，讲习班，演示和网站的形式自由地与科学界自由共享。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来表现出宝贵的支持。