Dissertation Research: The Evolution of Duplicated Genes in Zea mays and Arabidopsis thaliana

论文研究：玉米和拟南芥重复基因的进化

• 批准号: 0104796
• 负责人: Brandon Gaut
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-15 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0104796&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Evolution; Duplicated; Genes

0104796GautThis work will study the divergence of duplicated genes in two plant model organisms: Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays (corn). The Arabidopsis work will use computational tools to examine differences among 271 duplicated gene pairs found within the Arabidopsis genome. The purposes of the Arabidopsis study are to infer the processes of diversification after gene duplication and also to search for sequence-based clues for shifts in gene function. The second part of the research uses a unique population-based approach to examine divergence of duplicated genes. For this part of the project, DNA sequence data will be generated from several individuals from each gene of several duplicate gene pairs. This population-based approach will provide additional information about the forces governing gene divergence and may also yield insights into the function of several agronomically important genes.The genomics revolution has produced whole-genome sequences from myriad organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. Genomic sequences provide a blueprint of genetic architecture, but the more difficult work is just beginning - i.e., to infer gene function and gene origin. One surprise gleaned from genome data is that all organisms have a very high proportion of duplicated genes. It is not yet clear if the two (or more) duplicate copies retain the same gene function as the ancestral gene or instead diverge to fulfill new functional roles. Knowing how genes diverge after gene duplication is essential for understanding genome evolution and will in turn help us understand the basis of genetic differences among organisms.

0104796 Gautthis Tok将研究两种植物模型生物中重复基因的差异：拟南芥和玉米（玉米）。 拟南芥的工作将使用计算工具来检查拟南芥基因组中271个重复的基因对之间的差异。 拟南芥研究的目的是推断基因重复后的多样化过程，并为基于序列的线索寻找基因功能的变化。 研究的第二部分采用了一种独特的基于人群的方法来检查重复基因的差异。 对于项目的这一部分，将从几个重复基因对的每个基因的几个个体中生成DNA序列数据。 这种基于人群的方法将提供有关控制基因差异的力的其他信息，并可能对几种农艺上重要基因的功能产生见解。基因组革命从细菌到人类的无数生物产生了全基因组序列。 基因组序列提供了遗传结构的蓝图，但是更艰难的工作才开始 - 即推断基因功能和基因起源。 从基因组数据中收集的一个惊喜是所有生物的重复基因比例很高。 目前尚不清楚两个（或更多）重复的副本是否保留与祖先基因相同的基因函数，还是差异以履行新的功能角色。 知道基因在基因复制后如何分歧对于理解基因组进化至关重要，进而将有助于我们理解生物体之间遗传差异的基础。