Collaborative Research: Inferring Cellular Lysis and Regeneration of Organic Matter by Marine Viruses

合作研究：推断海洋病毒对有机物的细胞裂解和再生

基本信息

批准号：
1829640
负责人：
Matthew Sullivan
金额：
$ 83.82万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-10-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829640&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Inferring Cellular Lysis

项目摘要

Viral infections of marine microbes can transform the fate of microbial populations that fuel global ocean biogeochemical cycles. For example, viral infections of microbes lead to the release of carbon and nutrients back into the environment. This regeneration of carbon and nutrients stimulates the activity of other microbes and diverts carbon and nutrients from larger organisms in marine food webs. Because virus-microbe infections are relatively specific, it is critical to identify those pairs of viruses and microbes that may disproportionally contribute to the turnover of carbon and nutrients in the ocean. This project will develop quantitative approaches and tools to quantify which viruses infect which microbes and to use these data to quantify how viral infections of microbes collectively shape nutrient and carbon cycles in the North Atlantic Ocean. The project will analyze virus-microbe interactions in mesocosms at the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences in mid-coast Maine and during open ocean expeditions to the Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS) site. An interdisciplinary team will leverage recent advances in molecular biology, computational biology, and mathematical modeling to identify virus-host partners and their impact on the movement of elements through marine systems. This project will support three graduate students, six undergraduate students and one postdoctoral researcher in an interdisciplinary context. Research advances will be translated into reproducible software methods to be disseminated via the community cyberinfrastructure platform iVirus, with additional training materials presented as part of a viral methods and informatics workshop held at The Ohio State University. The translation of discoveries to the public will be furthered by the involvement of journalism undergraduate students at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville. This project builds upon advances in the molecular toolkit of viromics to develop an integrated approach to characterize lineage-specific rates of infection, lysis, and nutrient release induced by marine viruses in open ocean ecosystems. It will combine theory, in vitro experiments, and in situ sampling to (i) extend a robust inference method for estimating virus-microbe cross-infection networks from time-series data; (ii) establish and characterize in-vitro protocols for inferring cross-infectivity in complex communities using culture-independent methods; (iii) estimate lineage-specific rates of lysis and regeneration of nutrients in marine systems, including applications to coastal and open ocean ecosystems. Project aims focus on quantifying the extent to which virus-induced lysis and regeneration of carbon and nutrients is heterogeneously distributed across microbial populations. To do so, the project will incorporate time series measurements of abundance information (via metagenomes) and activity information (via metatranscriptomes). In so doing, it will advance efforts to understand community-scale interactions rather than those amongst a single virus-host pair. Theoretical methods and in vitro protocols will directly infer lineage-specific infection, lysis, and nutrient release rates in coastal- and open-ocean ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean. Results will be used to identify key links that disproportionately influence bulk nutrient release. A novel PCR-based approach will augment and validate the core inference approach. Overall, the project aims to enhance our understanding of how viruses contribute to marine ecosystem function.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋微生物的病毒感染可以改变为全球海洋生物地球化学循环的微生物种群的命运。例如，微生物的病毒感染导致碳和养分释放回环境。碳和养分的这种再生刺激了其他微生物的活性，并从海洋食品网中的较大生物体转移了碳和养分。由于病毒 - 微生物感染是相对特异的，因此鉴定那些可能不成比例地导致海洋中碳和养分营养的病毒和微生物对，至关重要。该项目将开发定量方法和工具，以量化哪些病毒感染哪些微生物并使用这些数据来量化微生物的病毒感染如何统一塑造北大西洋的营养和碳周期。该项目将分析缅因州中部海洋科学实验室和贝尔莫达大西洋时间序列研究（BATS）地点的海洋科学实验室中的中孢子虫相互作用。一个跨学科的团队将利用分子生物学，计算生物学和数学建模的最新进展来识别病毒宿主伴侣及其对元素通过海洋系统的影响的影响。该项目将在跨学科背景下为三名研究生，六名本科生和一名博士后研究员提供支持。研究进展将转化为可重现的软件方法，将通过社区网络基础设施平台ivirus进行传播，并在俄亥俄州立大学举行的病毒方法和信息学研讨会的一部分中提供了其他培训材料。田纳西大学 - 诺克斯维尔大学的新闻学生的参与将进一步促进公众发现向公众的翻译。该项目基于病毒学分子工具包的进步，以开发一种综合方法，以表征海洋病毒在开放海洋生态系统中诱导的谱系特异性感染，裂解和营养释放的速率。它将结合理论，体外实验，并原位采样到（i）扩展了一种可靠的推理方法，用于从时间序列数据中估算病毒 - 微生物交叉感染网络；（ii）建立并表征使用与文化无关的方法在复杂社区中推断跨感染性的体外方案；（iii）估计海洋系统中裂解和养分再生的谱系特异性率，包括对沿海和开放海洋生态系统的应用。项目旨在努力量化病毒诱导的裂解和碳和养分再生的程度，在微生物种群中分布异质。为此，该项目将结合丰度信息（通过元基因组）和活动信息（通过metatranscriptomes）的时间序列测量。这样一来，它将促进了解社区规模的互动，而不是单个病毒宿主对的互动。理论方法和体外方案将直接推断北大西洋沿海和开放海洋生态系统的谱系特异性感染，裂解和营养释放率。结果将用于确定不成比例地影响大量营养释放的关键联系。一种新型的基于PCR的方法将增加并验证核心推理方法。总体而言，该项目旨在增强我们对病毒如何对海洋生态系统功能做出贡献的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估审查标准通过评估来支持的。