SHF: Small: Enhancing Memory System Dependability by Integrity Checking

SHF：小型：通过完整性检查增强内存系统的可靠性

• 批准号: 1618104
• 负责人: Arun Somani
• 金额: $ 43.85万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1618104&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHF; Small; Enhancing; Memory; System

Memory system dependability is increasingly a concern as memory cell density and total capacity continue to increase. Recent field studies have shown that memory error rates are rising and memory errors have demonstrated correlation patterns. With these two trends, current memory error protection schemes are no longer sufficient for server computers. This project explores a unique error protection scheme called MemGuard, which is based on memory integrity checking, to enhance memory error protections for server computers as well as to provide a cost- and energy-efficient solution for personal and mobile computers. The research may significantly improve the dependability of computer systems without incurring high cost or energy overhead. The education and outreach activities will encourage minority and women students to get involved in the research, and will include interactions with middle/high school students and teachers.The MemGuard scheme checks the consistency between memory reads and memory writes using hash-based signatures to detect memory errors. It can detect memory cell errors with a negligible rate of false negative. Compared to SECDED (single error correcting double error detection) ECC and SDDC (single data device correction) schemes, it is much stronger in multi-bit error detection and with negligible cost and energy overhead. It does not correct errors immediately as the other two schemes do; instead, it may reply on OS checkpointing or program restarting for error recovery. The project will fully investigate the design of MemGuard, evaluate the strength of MemGuard with realistic DRAM error modes, extend it to multiprocessors and I/O rich environments, develop a similar integrity-based scheme for processor/memory communication error protection, and combine MemGuard with existing error protection schemes. The project will also optimize the design and implementation of the hash functions of MemGuard, combine MemGuard with selection error protection, and explore efficient checkpointing strategies for improved efficiency.

随着记忆细胞密度和总容量继续增加，内存系统的可靠性越来越引起人们的关注。最近的现场研究表明，记忆错误率正在上升，内存误差已证明相关模式。有了这两个趋势，当前的内存错误保护方案不再足以用于服务器计算机。该项目探索了一种名为Memguard的独特的错误保护方案，该方案基于内存完整性检查，以增强服务器计算机的内存错误保护，并为个人和移动计算机提供成本和节能的解决方案。该研究可能会显着提高计算机系统的可靠性，而不会产生高成本或开销。教育和外展活动将鼓励少数族裔和女学生参与研究，并将包括与中/高中生和老师的互动。Memguard计划检查记忆读取的一致性，并使用基于哈希的签名来检测记忆错误。 它可以以虚假负面的速度可忽略不计的记忆细胞错误。与secded（单个误差纠正双误检测）ECC和SDDC（单个数据设备校正）方案相比，在多位数误差检测以及成本和能量开销可忽略不计的情况下，它更强大。它不会像其他两个方案那样立即纠正错误。相反，它可以在操作系统检查点上回复或重新启动程序以进行错误恢复。该项目将充分调查MEMGEARD的设计，评估Memguard的强度使用现实的DRAM误差模式，将其扩展到多处理器和I/O丰富的环境，为处理器/内存通信错误保护开发类似的基于完整性的方案，并将Memguard与现有的错误保护方案相结合。该项目还将优化MEMGEARD的哈希功能的设计和实现，将MEMGEARD与选择错误保护相结合，并探索有效的检查点策略，以提高效率。