SST-Sensor Network Design For A Secure National Electric Energy Infrastructure

用于安全国家电力能源基础设施的 SST 传感器网络设计

• 批准号: 0428040
• 负责人: Arun Somani
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0428040&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SST; Sensor; Network; Design; Secure; SST; Sensor; Network; Design; Secure

The events of September 11, 2001, have highlighted the impact of malicious attacks on critical nationalinfrastructure components. This has resulted in an increased appreciation for improving the physical security ofcritical electric power system components like substations, transmission lines, and generators. These observationstogether with the major North East blackout of August 14 th , 2003 highlight the importance of the electric grid as anenergy transport medium and its critical importance to the nation's economy and global competitiveness.The electric power grid is a highly automated network. A variety of information networks are interconnected to theelectric grid for the purpose of sensing, monitoring, and control. Any disturbance or dislocation in the electricnetwork is sensed primarily by observing the electrical behavior of the power system via the observations andanalysis done using the data obtained using measurements of electrical quantities. The sensor technology thataids the deployment of distributed sensing systems has improved vastly in the recent past. However, even though,standards do exist for physical security of substations, very few modern sensing mechanisms have been utilized tomeet the physical security standards.With this scenario in mind we will undertake the following research in the sensing and information processing of theelectric grid: (1) examine new sensors to sense physical quantities in power systems; (2) design a wireless sensorinformation network to transmit these measurements to the central control center; (3) develop algorithms for sensorplacement, data aggregation, fault diagnosis, and load balancing for the sensor information network; and (4) fuse thephysical sensor data with conventional electrical sensor data to devise more effective control strategies followinglarge disturbances. We will demonstrate the developed techniques and validate them on a test bed that we havecreated to emulate a large power system using an operator training simulator. The key elements of the proposedapproach consist of the following steps:1. Design structure of the wireless sensor information network that maintains connectivity under a variety ofcontingency scenarios in two modes, a) Partial mode that helps in detection of failures, and b) Full mode whichhelps in diagnosis of the problem.2. The sensor network in Partial Mode will be used to zero in on portions of the power grid where the systemwould like to get physical sensor information to fuse with existing electrical sensors to detect disturbance, andor catastrophic failures based on: a) On-line risk based engine, b) Unusual or abnormal measurements fromcertain sensors like temperature, motion, or chemical sensors, or c) Weather and unusual conditions.3. This leads to a decision on transferring to Full Mode operation where more information collection via sensoractivation and deactivation, communication network connectivity, and power usage considerations will be madefrom the critical local portion of the power grid identified by the above analysis.4. This information leads to further diagnosis of the network condition that is used by central control center toinvoke appropriate control action to safeguard the power network.Intellectual merit of the proposed research lies in developing novel concepts for integrating a broad range ofsensors that monitor both physical security and operational security of the nation's most critical infrastructure theelectric grid. The project aims at using the combined data from these sensors together with the detailed developmentof the associated communication and information network to enhance the security and reliability of the power grid.The team has combined their expertise to take a fresh view at the different kinds of sensors currently available andextract appropriate data from them for several key issues related to power system physical security.The broader impact of this research will be two fold. First, it will enhance the state of art in sensing, monitoring,and controlling the electric power grid by combining the multidisciplinary expertise of the investigators. Second, thenew sensor network will be applied to develop an emergency response system for the national electric grid, which isessential to the vitality of the nation's economy, and will provide protection to it.Education: Our educational goal is to train the next generation of students, train new cadres of doctoral researchersand most importantly, share the excitement that comes with working in engineering with the youngest of students, inthe K-12 program, to attract them into science and engineering. The college of engineering at Iowa State Universityhas a dedicated effort to attract minority scholars into the graduate program and the university has an ongoingprogram to employ high school students and teachers in research programs during the summer. We will leveragethese efforts.

2001年9月11日的事件强调了恶意攻击对关键国家基础设施组成部分的影响。这导致了对改善批评电力系统组件（例如变电站，传输线和发电机）的物理安全性的增强。这些观察构成了2003年8月14日的主要东北停电，强调了电网作为电气传输媒介的重要性及其对国家经济和全球竞争力的重要性。电力电网是高度自动化的网络。各种信息网络与电网互连，以进行感应，监视和控制。电网中的任何干扰或脱位主要是通过使用电量测量获得的数据进行的观测值和分析来观察功率系统的电行为。在最近的过去，分布式传感系统部署的传感器技术已大大改善。但是，尽管确实存在标准用于变电站的物理安全，但很少有现代的感应机制被用来托梅特的物理安全标准。考虑到这种情况，我们将在电网的感应和信息处理中进行以下研究：（1）检查动力系统中的新传感器； （2）设计一个无线传感信息网络，以将这些测量结果传输到中央控制中心； （3）开发用于传感器信息网络的感觉置，数据聚集，故障诊断和负载平衡的算法； （4）将物理传感器数据与常规的电气传感器数据融合，以制定更有效的控制策略，后者是在电视扰动之后。我们将演示开发的技术，并在测试床上验证它们，以使用操作员培训模拟器模仿大型电源系统。提出的操作的关键要素包括以下步骤：1。无线传感器信息网络的设计结构，该网络在各种范围场景下保持连通性的两种模式，a）有助于检测故障的部分模式，b）诊断问题的完整模式。2。以部分模式的传感器网络将在电网的一部分中进行归零，该系统将希望获取物理传感器信息与现有的电气传感器融合以检测干扰，基于以下方面的灾难性失败：a）基于在线风险的引擎，b）异常或异常测量的温度，诸如温度，运动或化学传感器或化学传感器，或化学传感器或化学传感器，或化学传感器或化学传感器。这导致决定转移到完整模式操作的决定，其中通过传感激活和停用，通信网络连接和功率使用方面的更多信息收集将从上述分析确定的功率网格的关键本地部分做出。4。该信息导致中央控制中心使用的网络状况进一步诊断，以启动适当的控制措施来保护电力网络。拟议的研究的智能优点在于开发新的概念，用于整合全国最关键的基础设施安全性的物理安全性和运营安全性。该项目的目的是将这些传感器的组合数据以及相关通信和信息网络的详细开发以及提高电网的安全性和可靠性的详细开发。该团队已将其专业知识结合在一起，以对当前可用的不同传感器进行新的视野，并从目前可获得的其他类型的传感器和与电力系统相关的几个关键问题中获得适当的数据。首先，它将通过结合研究人员的多学科专业知识来增强感应，监测和控制电力网格的最先进状态。其次，当时的传感器网络将用于开发国家电网的应急响应系统，该电网对国家经济的生命力非常重要，并将为其提供保护。爱荷华州立大学工程学院的一项专门的努力，旨在吸引少数族裔学者参加研究生课程，并且该大学在夏季持续雇用高中生和教师在研究计划中雇用高中生和教师。我们将掌握努力。