Nanofiber-based Novel Electrode Architecture for Lithium-Air batteries

基于纳米纤维的锂空气电池新型电极架构

• 批准号: 1236466
• 负责人: Vibha Kalra
• 金额: $ 36.25万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1236466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanofiber; based; Novel; Electrode; Architecture

PI: Kalra, VibhaProposal Number: 1236466Institution: Drexel UniversityTitle: Nanofiber-based Novel Electrode Architecture for Lithium-Air batteries Despite recent advances in the state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries, their energy and power densities are insufficient for transportation applications. This project will examine a novel battery chemistry, namely, Lithium-air, which can exhibit a theoretical energy density of almost 2 orders of magnitude higher than lithium-ion batteries. However, before the promise of Li-air batteries can become a reality, a serious challenge that needs to be overcome and will be the focus of this work is the development of ?nanostructured air cathodes? that optimize transport of all reactants (oxygen, Li+ ions, and electrons) to the active catalyst surfaces and provide enough spaces for incorporation of solid lithium oxide products during battery discharge.The specific objective of this proposal is to fabricate and study process-structure-performance correlation in a novel, hierarchically-ordered nanofiber-based architecture with the aim to develop efficient cathodes for Li-air batteries. A unique triaxial electrospinning technique will be used that will allow core-shell architecture to achieve well-controlled directed material assembly via a simple synthesis procedure. In addition to providing well-defined multi-phase reaction surfaces, the proposed electrode design will exhibit a hierarchical two-level pore structure; macropores from inter-fiber spacing inherent to electrospinning and mesopores, which will be created in the carbon core via controlled nanoscale material assembly. This structure will help optimize oxygen mass transport and surface area and provide sufficient pore space for incorporation of solid discharge products necessary to maximize discharge potential. Owing to the complexity of the proposed architecture, PI?s approach is to first independently understand the electrospinning behavior and process- structure correlation in each of the functional layers of the core-shell nanofiber and then leverage these learnings to study the complete architecture. If successful, this work will develop batteries that possess significantly higher energy storage density than the current state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. Such ability will allow them to successfully compete in the transportation sector and achieve a satisfactory driving range. In addition, the fundamental knowledge gained through this work on materials processing, structure and electrode design will also benefit supercapacitors and other battery chemistries. This project will involve 1 PhD graduate, several undergraduates and K-12 students/teachers, particularly females and those from under-represented minorities in interdisciplinary research activities via workshops, research-based course and hands-on research experiences.

PI：Kalra，Vibhapropoloposal编号：1236466 Institution：Drexel Universitytitle：基于纳米纤维的小说电极建筑，用于锂空气电池，尽管最新的先进锂离子电池的进步，但它们的能量和电力密度不足，无法用于运输应用。该项目将检查一种新型的电池化学，即锂空气，该化学的理论能量密度比锂离子电池高2个数量级。但是，在Li-Air电池的承诺可以成为现实之前，需要克服的严重挑战，这将是这项工作的重点是纳米结构空气阴极的发展吗？优化所有反应物（氧，Li+离子和电子）向活性催化剂表面的传输，并在电池放电过程中提供了足够的空间，以在电池放电过程中掺入固体氧化锂产品。该建议的具体目的是在基于层次的纳米型构造中制造和研究过程结构结构的相关性，以使基于等级的纳米型架构具有效率高效效率。将使用一种独特的三轴静​​电纺丝技术，它将允许核心壳结构通过简单的合成过程实现良好控制的有向物质组件。除了提供明确定义的多相反应表面外，所提出的电极设计还将表现出分层的两级孔结构。来自静电纺丝和中孔固有的纤维间间距的大孔，它们将通过受控的纳米级材料组装在碳芯中创建。该结构将有助于优化氧气传输和表面积，并提供足够的孔隙空间，以掺入所需的固体排放产品，以最大程度地发挥排放电位。 由于所提出的架构的复杂性，PI的方法是首先独立理解核心壳纳米纤维的每个功能层中的电纺丝行为和过程结构相关性，然后利用这些学习来研究完整的体系结构。如果成功，这项工作将开发具有比当前最新锂离子电池更高的能量存储密度的电池。这种能力将使他们能够成功地在运输部门竞争并达到令人满意的驾驶范围。此外，通过这项关于材料加工，结构和电极设计的工作获得的基本知识也将使超级电容器和其他电池化学效果受益。该项目将涉及1名博士学位研究生，几名本科生和K-12学生/老师，尤其是女性以及来自代表性不足的少数民族的跨学科研究活动，通过研讨会，基于研究的课程和动手研究经验。