Collaborative Research: An Inverse and Forward Global Modeling Synthesis of Noble Gases to Better Quantify Biogeochemical Cycles

合作研究：稀有气体的逆向和正向全局建模合成，以更好地量化生物地球化学循环

• 批准号: 1129644
• 负责人: David Nicholson
• 金额: $ 39.22万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1129644&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Inverse; Forward; Global

The noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon) are dissolved in the ocean at concentrations near equilibrium with the atmosphere, have known physical properties, and are abiotic which makes them excellent tracers of the physical processes that cycle gases in the ocean. In addition, each of the gases has unique properties making them sensitive to different physical processes. For this reason, scientists from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory will use inverse and forward modeling of noble gases to improve our knowledge of the physical processes that control the cycle of gases such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen in the ocean. Specifically, they would address the following three processes: (1) parameterize bubble mediated air-sea gas fluxes from breaking waves; (2) identify the background ocean accumulation of dissolved nitrogen gas from biologically mediated denitrification in the deep ocean; and (3) evaluate the strength of the solubility pump using three ocean models. To accomplish their goal, the researchers plan to compile all available noble gas observations prior to constraining gas cycling via simulations performed using three state-of-the-art ocean circulation estimates based on the Community Earth System Model, the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Climate Model, and the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean data assimilated model. From this modeling effort, the researchers will be able to interpret upper ocean oxygen measurements from autonomous sensors, constrain deep ocean denitrification, and evaluate the solubility pump which is needed to assess the anthropogenic uptake of carbon dioxide. As regards broader impacts, the scientists will create a version of the transport matrix method for use in graduate student courses. The database of noble gas observations along with data standards and metadata will be made available to the science community, as well as the transport matrices from the Community Earth System Model and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Couple Climate Model 2.1. One postdoc from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) will be supported by this project. It is anticipated that an undergraduate students will be involved in the study and supported via the WHOI Summer Fellowship Program.

贵重气体（氦气，霓虹灯，氩气，krypton，氙气）以与大气平衡相近的浓度溶解在海洋中，具有已知的物理特性，并且是非生物特性的，这使它们成为了循环循环气体的物理过程的出色示踪剂。 此外，每种气体都具有独特的特性，使其对不同的物理过程敏感。因此，来自伍兹孔海洋学机构和拉蒙特·霍蒂（Lamont-Doherty Earth）观测站的科学家将使用昂贵气体的逆模型和向前建模，以提高我们对海洋中二氧化碳，氧气和氮等气体周期的物理过程的了解。 具体而言，它们将解决以下三个过程：（1）从断裂波中的气泡介导的气海气通量； （2）确定从深海中生物介导的硝化化中溶解的氮气的背景海洋积累； （3）使用三种海洋模型评估溶解度泵的强度。 为了实现他们的目标，研究人员计划通过使用三个基于社区地球系统模型，地球物理动力学实验室耦合的小结晶模型以及估算海洋数据同化模型的循环和气候的三个最先进的海洋循环估算来汇总所有可用的贵重气体观测。 从这项建模工作中，研究人员将能够从自主传感器中解释上海上的氧气测量值，限制深海洋硝化，并评估溶解度泵，以评估人为二氧化碳的人为摄取所需的溶解度。 关于更广泛的影响，科学家将创建用于研究生课程的运输矩阵方法的版本。 贵族气体观测数据库以及数据标准和元数据将提供给科学界，以及社区地球系统模型的运输矩阵和地球物理流体动力学实验室夫妇气候模型2.1。 该项目将支持来自伍兹孔海洋学机构（WHOI）的一个博士后。 预计本科生将参与研究，并通过WHOI夏季奖学金计划获得支持。