Ecology of African Lions

非洲狮的生态

• 批准号: 1020479
• 负责人: Craig Packer
• 金额: $ 50.96万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1020479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecology; African; Lions

This project will conduct comprehensive research to construct and test detailed models of population and community ecology, with a focus on African lion populations. First, the project will investigate lion population dynamics at the level of individual social groups as well as larger-scale sub-populations, constructing statistical models with population-level, group-level, and individual variables to determine the relative impacts of short-term variability in demographic performance and environmental conditions on population growth and stability. Comprehensive data on day-to-day variation in prey availability within the ranges of 24 different lion groups will be measured and used to link the shifting mosaic of migratory herbivores and territorial behavior of the lions in a spatial food-web model across the landscape. Second, the project will investigate the role of spatial heterogeneity in stabilizing the coexistence of competing carnivore species. Cheetahs, leopards, lions and hyenas may show divergent niche strategies that create a reticulated pattern of occupancy within an overall pattern of coexistence. Third, the project will measure cycle-length of four viral diseases in the lions to test predictions of multi-host disease transmission models. The project will continue to train Tanzanian researchers, collaborate with Tanzanian scientists and provide research opportunities for American graduate students and undergraduates, including individuals from under-represented minorities. Results from the study will help wildlife managers to predict consequences of habitat change and fragmentation, to identify the landscape features necessary for species co-existence, and to measure the effectiveness of disease control programs.

该项目将进行全面的研究，以构建和测试人口和社区生态学的详细模型，重点是非洲狮子种群。 首先，该项目将研究各个社会群体水平的狮子种群动态以及更大的子选集，以人口水平，群体级别和个体变量构建统计模型，以确定短期变异性绩效对人口统计学绩效的相对影响以及环境条件对人群成长和稳定的相对影响。 将测量24个不同狮子组范围内的猎物日常差异的综合数据，并用于将整个景观的空间食品-WEB模型中的迁移食草动物和狮子的领土行为的变化链接起来。其次，该项目将研究空间异质性在稳定竞争食肉动物的共存中的作用。 猎豹，豹子，狮子和鬣狗可能会显示出不同的利基策略，在整体共存模式下创造了网状占用模式。第三，该项目将测量狮子中四种病毒疾病的周期长度，以测试多宿主传播模型的预测。 该项目将继续培训坦桑尼亚的研究人员，与坦桑尼亚科学家合作，并为美国的研究生和本科生提供研究机会，包括来自代表性不足的少数群体的个人。该研究的结果将有助于野生动植物管理者预测栖息地变化和破碎的后果，以确定物种共存所需的景观特征，并衡量疾病控制计划的有效性。