LTREB: Long Term Studies of African Lions

LTREB：非洲狮的长期研究

• 批准号: 0343960
• 负责人: Craig Packer
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0343960&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTREB; Long; Term; Studies; African

Over the next five years, this ongoing study of Serengeti lion populations will monitor the ranging patterns and demographic performance of lions in the Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania. By continuing this long-term monitoring, the LTREB project will provide essential data on the effectiveness of a large-scale vaccination program that has been designed to protect wild carnivores from canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus. The project will also clarify the ecological factors that influence the virulence and severity of CDV should another outbreak take place. The data will be used to test a series of models that reconstruct the Serengeti ecosystem. The lion project provides the most detailed data on any single species in the Serengeti, and it is particularly valuable in terms of the lions' response to ecological perturbations such as the predicted increase in year-to-year variability in rainfall. The project will also conduct a number of detailed studies to clarify the lions' ecology. First, relationships between lions and hyenas will be studied in detail to determine how these two species co-exist despite their similar ecological requirements. Second, new data will be collected on the lions' prey preferences as a function of prey density. Third, a simple experiment in large-scale habitat modification (through a series of controlled grassfires) will be undertaken to alter the carrying capacity of the Serengeti plains. Fourth, a genetic translocation experiment will be attempted so as to alleviate the degree of close inbreeding in the small, isolated Ngorongoro lion population. The project has several broader impacts. First, multi-host pathogens are the most serious public health problem since they can infect humans. If an effective vaccination program in domestic dogs can prevent the spread of disease in the wild carnivores of the Serengeti, this will provide a model for similar programs around the world. More fundamental, perhaps, the Serengeti lion study provides a high-profile example of the impacts ofecological change, whether in terms of infectious disease or from extreme weatherconditions.

在接下来的五年中，这项对Serengeti Lion人群的持续研究将监测坦桑尼亚塞伦盖蒂国家公园和恩戈罗根戈尔山口的狮子的范围模式和人口统计表现。 通过继续进行这项长期监控，LTREB项目将提供有关大规模疫苗接种计划有效性的重要数据，该计划旨在保护野生食肉动物免受犬类变速器病毒（CDV）和犬类小男病毒的影响。该项目还将阐明如果发生另一次爆发，​​会影响CDV的毒力和严重程度的生态因素。 数据将用于测试一系列重建Serengeti生态系统的模型。狮子项目提供了有关Serengeti中任何单个物种的最详细数据，并且在狮子对生态扰动的反应（例如预计降雨量的年度变异性的增加）方面，它尤其有价值。 该项目还将进行许多详细的研究，以阐明狮子的生态。首先，将详细研究狮子和鬣狗之间的关系，以确定这两个物种如何共存，尽管它们的生态要求相似。其次，将收集有关狮子的猎物偏好与猎物密度的关系的新数据。第三，将进行一个简单的大规模栖息地修饰（通过一系列受控草火）进行的简单实验，以改变Serengeti Plains的承载能力。第四，将尝试进行基因易位实验，以减轻小型孤立的ngorongoro狮子种群中近亲繁殖的程度。该项目具有更广泛的影响。首先，多主宿主病原体是最严重的公共卫生问题，因为它们可以感染人类。如果在家犬中进行有效的疫苗接种计划可以防止Serengeti野生食肉动物的疾病传播，则将为世界各地的类似计划提供模型。也许更根本的Serengeti Lion研究提供了一个引人注目的例子，说明了生态学变化的影响，无论是在传染病还是在极端的风化范围内。