Perspective-Taking in Conversation

对话中换位思考

• 批准号: 1019161
• 负责人: Sarah Brown-Schmidt
• 金额: $ 30.05万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1019161&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Perspective; Taking; Conversation

Face-to-face conversation is often considered the most basic form of language use, as it likely played a key role as languages evolved and it continues to play important roles in language acquisition and communication. With support from the NSF, the investigator will conduct a 3-year study of the way language is used and understood in interactive conversation. Engaging in conversation fundamentally depends on the insights we form about the knowledge and beliefs of our conversational partner. Sometimes these insights are correct, sometimes they fail dramatically, and other times the insights are not formed at all. This project will develop and test a theoretical framework for understanding how these insights are formed and used and, crucially, when they fail. The experiments combine eye-tracking technology with interactive conversation to study these processes in real time. This project will provide key insights into how a poorly understood but core component of language, that is, forming insights about the perspective of another person, guides every-day language use. This proposal will provide opportunities for extensive, hands-on research for graduate and undergraduate students. Undergraduate participants from groups that are underrepresented in science will have the opportunity to participate through the University of Illinois Summer Research Opportunity Program.

面对面的对话通常被认为是语言使用的最基本形式，因为随着语言的发展，它可能发挥着关键作用，并且继续在语言获取和交流中起着重要作用。在NSF的支持下，研究人员将对在互动对话中使用和理解语言的方式进行了为期3年的研究。从根本上进行对话取决于我们对对话伴侣的知识和信念的见解。有时这些见解是正确的，有时它们会剧烈失败，而其他时候，洞察力根本不是形成。该项目将开发和测试一个理论框架，以了解这些见解是如何形成和使用的，并且在失败的情况下至关重要。这些实验将眼睛追踪技术与交互式对话相结合，以实时研究这些过程。该项目将提供关键的见解，以了解语言的知识较差，但核心的组成部分，即形成对他人观点的见解，指导每天的语言使用。 该建议将为研究生和本科生提供广泛的，动手研究的机会。来自科学人数不足的团体的本科参与者将有机会通过伊利诺伊大学夏季研究机会计划参加。