ULTRA-Ex: Collaborative Research: Urban Sustainability and Push-Pull Drivers of Residential Change: Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Maryland, and the Chesapeake Bay

ULTRA-Ex：合作研究：城市可持续性和住宅变化的推拉驱动因素：华盛顿特区、巴尔的摩、马里兰州和切萨皮克湾

• 批准号: 0948944
• 负责人: Claire Welty
• 金额: $ 3.55万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Baltimore County
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948944&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ULTRA; Ex; Collaborative; Research; Urban

This research addresses the question, "What is the relationship between environmental rehabilitation and urban revitalization?" More specifically, this research investigates the relationships between 1) urban sustainability policies, investments, and outcomes; 2) drivers of urbanization; and 3) long-term dynamics of urban residential neighborhoods. Three inter-related themes will be used to examine these relationships: a) urban forests and open space, b) environmental quality, and c) vector-borne diseases. These research themes are contextualized in a framework that considers vulnerability to climate change and environmental justice. To answer these questions, this research addresses several types of opportunities for theoretical advance in understanding urban systems. Traditional social analysis incorporates several "push-pull" factors such as crime, poor government services, and high taxes; expensive and deteriorating housing; small building lots, and racial tension; but there is little emphasis on environmental parameters. This project introduces a novel approach to push-pull driver analysis by incorporating environmental parameters, particularly at a fine resolution. In addition to examining long-term, social-ecological push-pull changes over time, this project explores the utility of a panarchy approach for understanding the relationship between environmental rehabilitation and urban revitalization at the neighborhood level. This project examines the dynamic understanding of neighborhood change from one phase to another: What causes neighborhoods to decline? What causes neighborhoods to reorganize, revitalize, and prosper? Dimensions of change are also examined. A focus on slow and fast changing variables and attention to both change and persistence correspond to an interest in types and rates of change. Numerous types of data and analyses will be employed, including hi-resolution, remotely sensed data, long-term Census data, parcel-level cadastral data, key-informant surveys, water and air sampling, and micro-habitat analysis. In addition to these data and analyses, three workshops - one for each research theme - bring together all of the members of the DC-BC ULTRA community. These workshops develop a Community of Practice that coalesces around the idea of just, sustainable cities and provides opportunities for interactions among constituencies and communication about research findings with multiple groups. This project adopts a fully integrated research-education-outreach model that includes researchers, students, and decision-makers. Researchers and managers collaborate in a full research-application cycle: a) identify questions, b) collect new data and share existing data, c) analyze data, d) interpret results, e) apply findings, and f) identify new questions. Students are engaged in relevant content through coursework and continue to work on the project through paid fellowships, internships, and capstone or thesis projects. Students are recruited from classes and across the DC Consortium and universities in the Baltimore region to apply for paid ULTRA research fellowships. ULTRA Fellows work directly with researchers and managers on projects, attend ULTRA workshops, and contribute to manuscripts. The broad array of opportunities in the natural and social sciences and from basic research to applied internships are designed to attract a diverse student group and diverse set of interests.

这项研究解决了一个问题：“环境康复与城市振兴之间有什么关系？”更具体地说，该研究调查了1）城市可持续性政策，投资和成果之间的关系； 2）城市化驱动因素； 3）城市居民区的长期动态。将使用三个相互关联的主题来检查这些关系：a）城市森林和开放空间，b）环境质量以及c）媒介传播疾病。这些研究主题是在考虑气候变化和环境正义的脆弱性的框架中被背景而出的。为了回答这些问题，这项研究解决了理解城市系统中理论上进步的几种类型的机会。传统的社会分析结合了几种“推挤”因素，例如犯罪，政府服务差和高税收；昂贵且不断恶化的住房；小型建筑物和种族紧张；但是很少强调环境参数。该项目通过结合环境参数，尤其是在精细的分辨率下引入了一种新型的推动驱动器分析方法。除了检查长期，社会生态推动力随时间变化外，该项目还探讨了一种泛力的方法，以理解环境康复与城市振兴在邻里一级之间的关系。该项目研究了从一个阶段变为另一个阶段的动态理解：什么导致社区下降？是什么导致社区重组，振兴和繁荣？还检查了变化的维度。关注慢速变化的变量以及对变化和持久性的关注对应于对变化类型和速度的兴趣。将采用多种类型的数据和分析，包括高分辨率，远程感知的数据，长期人口普查数据，包裹级的会长数据，钥匙信息调查，水和空气采样以及微搭档分析。除了这些数据和分析外，三个研讨会 - 每个研究主题 - 将DC -BC Ultra社区的所有成员汇集在一起​​。这些研讨会建立了一个实践社区，围绕公正，可持续城市的思想结合，并为选区之间的互动和有关与多个群体的研究发现之间的互动提供了机会。 该项目采用了完全集成的研究教育模型，其中包括研究人员，学生和决策者。研究人员和管理人员在完整的研究应用周期中进行合作：a）识别问题，b）收集新数据并共享现有数据，c）分析数据，d）解释结果，e）应用结果以及f）确定新问题。学生通过课程工作从事相关内容，并继续通过付费奖学金，实习以及顶峰或论文项目从事该项目。从班级和整个巴尔的摩地区的DC财团和大学中招募学生，以申请有偿超级研究奖学金。 Ultra Fellows直接与研究人员和经理进行项目，参加Ultra研讨会并为手稿做出贡献。自然和社会科学以及从基础研究到应用实习的广泛机会旨在吸引多样化的学生团体和各种各样的兴趣。