ULTRA-Ex: Collaborative Research: Land- and Water-Use Decision Making and Ecosystem Services Along a Southwestern Socioecological Gradient

ULTRA-Ex：合作研究：西南社会生态梯度的土地和水利用决策和生态系统服务

• 批准号: 0949000
• 负责人: Scott Collins
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0949000&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ULTRA; Ex; Collaborative; Research; Land

Rapid population and physical expansion of cities worldwide has increased the urgency for understanding the factors that result in urbanization and the consequences of urban expansion for human beings and the environment. Present understanding of urbanization as a coupled socioecological system is limited by inadequate knowledge of the type, quantity, and quality of ecosystem services delivered in metropolitan regions and how actors incorporate both considerations of ecosystem services and household preferences into management decisions. Ecosystem services provide a service and function that is scientifically measureable and derived from a scientific understanding of ecosystem structures or processes, such as cooling from tree canopy cover. Ecosystem preferences are measurements of what ecosystem services people are willing to pay for, such as being close to recreation areas or clean air. These preferences often are revealed in housing prices. This interdisciplinary research project will investigate how decision makers respond to and make land-use and water-use decisions based on measured and preferred ecosystem services on the wildland-rural-urban fringe surrounding urban areas in the arid southwest. A comparative, gradient approach using the metropolitan areas of Las Cruces and Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Phoenix, Arizona, as case studies will be employed. By examining three cities along population, economic, and physical gradients in an arid environment, this project should add to basic knowledge about scaling in the urbanization process in a resource scarce environment. Choosing a southwestern regional context will provide greater insight into the urbanization processes in desert cities, which are underrepresented in urban theory. Primary methods include stakeholder forums and focus groups with decision makers, hedonic modeling of houses prices and ecosystem service amenities, and biophysical modeling of ecosystem services.The degree to which decision makers consider ecosystem services and preferences in their decisions remains unclear. In an era when urban sustainability is increasingly important for guiding policy, this project will address this understudied but critical aspect of urban governance. The project will provide new understanding about ecosystem services and preferences to practitioners in arid urbanizing regions, which they can use to formulate and facilitate best management practices. Proposed interviews and stakeholder forums will give decision makers and citizen groups a voice in how land and water should be managed on the rapidly growing fringe. The proposed activities also will allow the research team to assess which ecosystem services and preferences are important to stakeholders, so that future research can address those concerns. The activities and results will reach decision makers at the city, county, state, and federal levels as well as concerned citizen groups, real estate developers, and tribal groups. This award was funded as an Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory (ULTRA-Ex) award as the result of a special competition jointly supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service.

全球城市的迅速人口和身体扩张加剧了理解导致城市化的因素以及城市扩张对人类和环境的后果的紧迫性。 当前对城市化作为一个耦合社会生态系统的理解受到对大都市地区生态系统服务的类型，数量和质量的了解不足的限制，以及参与者如何将生态系统服务和家庭偏好的两种考虑因素纳入管理决策。 生态系统服务提供了一项服务和功能，该服务和功能在科学上可以测量，并从对生态系统结构或过程的科学理解中得出，例如从树冠覆盖中冷却。 生态系统偏好是人们愿意支付的生态系统服务的测量，例如接近娱乐区或清洁空气。 这些偏好经常以房价揭示。 该跨学科研究项目将研究决策者如何根据荒野乡村地区的荒野乡村边缘在西南干旱的城市地区进行测量和首选的生态系统服务做出土地利用和水利用决策。 使用案例研究，使用Las Cruces和Albuquerque和Albuquerque和Albuquerque和Albuquerque和Albuquerque和Albuquerque的大都市地区的比较，梯度方法。 通过在干旱环境中检查人口，经济和身体梯度的三个城市，该项目应增加有关资源稀缺环境中城市化过程中扩展的基本知识。 选择西南地区的环境将提供对沙漠城市城市化过程的更深入的了解，而城市中的城市化过程中的城市理论不足。 主要方法包括利益相关者论坛和与决策者的焦点小组，房屋价格和生态系统服务设施的享乐模型以及生态系统服务的生物物理建模。决策者在决策中考虑生态系统服务和决策的偏好程度尚不清楚。 在一个城市可持续性对于指导政策越来越重要的时代，该项目将解决这一经过研究的城市治理的研究，但至关重要的方面。 该项目将对干旱城市化地区的生态系统服务和偏好提供新的了解，他们可以用来制定和促进最佳管理实践。 拟议的访谈和利益相关者论坛将使决策者和公民团体在快速增长的边缘如何管理土地和水方面发表意见。 拟议的活动还将允许研究团队评估哪些生态系统服务和偏好对利益相关者很重要，以便未来的研究可以解决这些问题。 这些活动和结果将吸引城市，县，州和联邦一级的决策者，以及有关的公民团体，房地产开发商和部落团体。 由于国家科学基金会和美国农业森林服务部共同支持的特别竞争，该奖项是作为城市长期研究领域探索性（ULTRA-EX）奖的资助。