Energetics, Development, and Ovarian Function in Adolescent Gambian Women

冈比亚青春期女性的能量、发育和卵巢功能

• 批准号: 0921237
• 负责人: Peter Ellison
• 金额: $ 17.68万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0921237&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Energetics; Development; Ovarian; Function; Adolescent

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Intellectual Merit: This proposal addresses a compelling contemporary question in human biology: How do development and energetics determine the pace and trajectory of reproductive maturation? This project takes advantage of a unique opportunity in The Gambia to directly address questions of early life factors in a human population where differences in maternal energetic status are known. Between 1989 and 1994, the Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom conducted a nutritional supplementation trial of pregnant women in the West Kiang District. Supplements were standardized for energy content, and supplementation status was cluster-randomized by village. The children born to participating mothers are now in their mid to late teenage years.Subjects in this study will include 30 women born to mothers receiving supplements and 30 women born to controls. Measurements will include height, weight, body composition (measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry) ovarian hormone levels (measured in saliva), metabolic hormone levels (measured in blood and urine), and energy expenditure monitored by heart-rate telemetry and accelerometry. Measurements will be collected on three occasions at six month intervals. The central hypothesis is that women born to supplemented mothers will be less insulin sensitive to fluctuating energy availability as adolescents, will mature earlier, and will show less ovarian sensitivity to fluctuating energy availability.Broader Impact: Most populations in the world show evidence of a shift over time toward earlier reproductive maturation with economic development. The mechanisms driving this change, however, are not yet clear, and suggestions that the trend may be continuing in the contemporary US have caused some alarm. Early maturation is linked to the risk of many chronic diseases such as diabetes and reproductive cancers. This project will illuminate how prenatal conditions influence the pace and trajectory of pubertal maturation. This project will provide research training for one female graduate student.

该奖项根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）提供资金。 智力价值：该提案解决了人类生物学中一个引人注目的当代问题：发育和能量学如何决定生殖成熟的速度和轨迹？该项目利用冈比亚的独特机会，直接解决已知孕产妇能量状态差异的人群的早期生命因素问题。 1989年至1994年间，英国医学研究委员会在西江地区进行了孕妇营养补充试验。补充剂的能量含量是标准化的，补充剂状况是按村庄随机分组的。参与研究的母亲所生的孩子现在正处于青少年中后期。这项研究的受试者将包括 30 名接受补充剂的母亲所生的女性和 30 名对照组所生的女性。测量内容包括身高、体重、身体成分（通过双 X 射线吸收测量法测量）、卵巢激素水平（通过唾液测量）、代谢激素水平（通过血液和尿液测量）以及通过心率遥测和加速测量监测的能量消耗。测量结果将每隔六个月收集三次。核心假设是，补充补充剂的母亲所生的女性在青少年时期对胰岛素的波动性能量可用性的敏感性较低，成熟更早，并且卵巢对能量波动性的敏感性较低。 更广泛的影响：世界上大多数人口都显示出这种转变的证据随着时间的推移，随着经济的发展，生殖成熟会越来越早。然而，推动这一变化的机制尚不清楚，并且这种趋势可能在当代美国继续存在的建议引起了一些警惕。早熟与糖尿病和生殖系统癌症等许多慢性疾病的风险有关。该项目将阐明产前条件如何影响青春期成熟的速度和轨迹。 该项目将为一名女研究生提供研究培训。