Maternal Inheritance of Mitochondria as a Constraint on Male Adaptation

线粒体的母系遗传对男性适应的限制

• 批准号: 0721226
• 负责人: Jeanne Zeh
• 金额: $ 65万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0721226&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Maternal; Inheritance; Mitochondria; Constraint; Male

Whereas nuclear genes are inherited from both parents, only females transmit mitochondrial DNA to offspring. Because males do not transmit mitochondria, heritability for mitochondrial-based differences in male survival and/or reproductive success is zero, precluding any direct evolutionary response to selection acting on mitochondrial mutations that either reduce or enhance male fitness. In this study, the arachnid, Cordylochernes scorpioides, will be used as a model system to investigate the effects of natural mitochondrial variation on the fertilization capacity of sperm. The research will encompass whole-mitochondrial genome sequencing, comprehensive analysis of physiological and morphological sperm characteristics important in fertilization success, an experiment designed to identify the target of selection acting on sperm traits, and a multi-generation study in which the evolutionary response to selection on sperm will be assessed using both maternally- and paternally-based selection regimes. Uniparental inheritance of mitochondria creates male/female asymmetries in response to selection that have profound implications for evolutionary processes ranging from male adaptation to population viability, sexual selection and speciation, as well as for human health and disease. Mitochondrial mutations, including nucleotide substitutions, deletions and insertions, are known to be a primary cause of low sperm count and poor sperm motility in humans. The proposed research thus provides an exciting context for engaging both educators and students in basic evolutionary research with far-reaching practical implications.

核基因是从父母双方遗传的，但只有雌性将线粒体DNA传递给后代。由于雄性没有传递线粒体，因此基于线粒体的男性生存和/或生殖成功差异的遗传力为零，排除了对作用于线粒体突变的选择的任何直接进化反应，以减少或增强男性的适应性。在这项研究中，蛛网膜虫菌菌群将被用作模型系统，以研究天然线粒体变异对精子受精能力的影响。这项研究将涵盖全距线粒体基因组测序，对对施肥成功重要的生理和形态精子特征的全面分析，该实验旨在确定对精子性状的选择的靶标，以及一项多生成研究的选择，在其中使用孕妇和perational-peraternipernitial-peraternimential-listial-selectimemess评估对精子的进化反应。线粒体的单亲遗传构成了对选择的男性/女性不对称，这些选择对从男性适应到人口可行性，性选择和物种形成以及人类健康和疾病的进化过程具有深远的影响。线粒体突变，包括核苷酸取代，缺失和插入，是人类精子计数低的主要原因，精子运动不良。因此，拟议的研究为让教育者和学生参与基本进化研究提供了令人兴奋的背景，并具有深远的实际含义。