Viviparity and Speciation: Testing the Alternatives

胎生和物种形成：测试替代方案

基本信息

批准号：
0089945
负责人：
Jeanne Zeh
金额：
$ 27.6万
依托单位：
Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2001-01-01 至 2004-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089945&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Viviparity Speciation Testing Alternatives

项目摘要

New species arise when populations diverge sufficiently to become reproductively isolated. Is this isolation initiated by barriers to mating and fertilization or by post-fertilization genetic incompatibility? Recent theory suggests that reproductive mode may be a critical factor, with the intimate mother/fetus relationship characteristic of live-bearing (viviparous) species making them far more vulnerable to post-fertilization genetic incompatibility than species that lay eggs. This study will exploit unique reproductive features of a model viviparous invertebrate, the false scorpion Cordylochernes scorpioides, to investigate the role of reproductive mode in speciation. Using population pairs spanning a range of genetic divergence, the research will encompass interpopulation crosses, behavioral experiments, and molecular analyses designed to partition reproductive isolation into mating, gametic, and post-fertilization components to determine the precise sequence through which the various forms of reproductive isolation evolve. This research will represent the first comprehensive study of speciation mechanisms in a viviparous animal and will shed light on one of the most striking but poorly understood patterns in speciation, namely that lineages differ profoundly in the relative rates at which pre- and post-fertilization isolation evolve. An increased understanding of the evolutionary and mechanistic causes of reproductive isolation in live-bearing species promises to contribute not only to speciation theory but also to studies aimed at identifying and preserving biological diversity.

当种群足够分散以生殖分离时，就会出现新物种。这种隔离是由交配和受精的障碍还是通过遗传后的遗传不兼容引发的？最近的理论表明，生殖模式可能是一个关键因素，其亲密的母亲/胎儿关系的特征是活体（胎生）物种的特征，使其比产卵的物种更容易受到过度后有限的基因不相容性。这项研究将利用模型无脊椎动物的独特生殖特征，即虚假的蝎子孢子菌病毒，以研究生殖模式在物种物种物种物种中的作用。使用跨越遗传差异的种群对，该研究将涵盖群体插入杂交，行为实验和旨在将生殖分离分隔为交配，配乐和后有效成分的分子分析，以确定多种形式的生殖隔离序列。这项研究将代表对体内动物中物种机制的首次综合研究，并将阐明物种形成中最引人注目但知之甚少的模式之一，即谱系在相对率和后施肥后隔离的相对速率上有很大差异。对活物种中生殖隔离的进化和机械原因的越来越多的理解不仅有助于促进物种理论，而且对旨在识别和保存生物学多样性的研究也有助于。