A Molecular Genetic Investigation of Paternal Genes and Female Fitness

父系基因与女性健康的分子遗传学研究

• 批准号: 9603735
• 负责人: Jeanne Zeh
• 金额: $ 16.38万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-15 至 1999-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9603735&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Genetic; Investigation; Paternal; Genes

9603735 Zeh Discoveries in molecular biology are providing growing evidence that the genomes of species are dynamic entities, constantly evolving, at least in part, as a result of genetic conflicts within and between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Selfish genetic elements, such as cellular endosymbionts, transposable elements, segregation distorter alleles, maternal effect lethal alleles, as well as hyperavailable ("junk") DNA and imbalances in genomically- imprinted genes, can all undermine female fitness by rendering certain combinations of maternal and paternal genotypes incompatible within the developing embryo. The development of single-locus minisatellite DNA probes for the pseudoscorpion, Cordylochernes scorpioides, in combination with a mammalian-like viviparous reproductive biology highly amenable to experimentation and involving the production of large numbers of offspring, makes this species a model system for investigating the effects of paternal genotypes on female fitness. Through a research program involving behavioral analyses, breeding experiments and DNA profiling, this study will test the hypothesis that cellular and molecular interactions within the female reproductive tract can provide females with mechanisms for minimizing the risk and/or cost of fertilization by genetically- incompatible sperm. This genetic incompatibility hypothesis will be tested against several previously proposed hypotheses to explain how paternal genotypes can influence female reproductive success, namely the trading-up hypothesis, the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis and the intrinsic male quality hypothesis.

9603735分子生物学的发现提供了越来越多的证据，表明物种的基因组是动态实体，由于细胞核和细胞质之间和细胞质之间的遗传冲突，至少部分地不断发展。自私的遗传因素，例如细胞内共生植物，可转移元件，隔离扭曲等位基因，母体效应致命等位基因，以及在基因组上不可接受的基因中的多余（“垃圾”）DNA以及不平衡的基因，都可以通过在某些载体和PERTNAL中构成型号的女性健身，使女性健身能够使女性健身构成。 伪镜的单基因层微层DNA探针的开发，Cordylochernes Scorpioides，结合了类似哺乳动物的生殖生殖生物学的结合，高度可用于实验，并涉及大量物种的产生，使该物种成为pertalnalnalnalnalnal nalnnal neltal Nalnal neltal nalnnal Genotsy的模型。通过涉及行为分析，育种实验和DNA分析的研究计划，该研究将检验以下假设：女性生殖道内的细胞和分子相互作用可以为女性提供最大程度地降低基因不兼容精子的施肥的风险和/或成本的机制。这种遗传不相容的假设将针对几种先前提出的假设进行检验，以解释父亲基因型如何影响女性的生殖成功，即交易假设，近亲回避假设和内在的男性质量假设。