Maternal inheritance of mitochondria : Molecular mechanisms for preferential digestion of male mtDNA

线粒体的母系遗传：优先消化男性线粒体DNA的分子机制

• 批准号: 15370027
• 负责人: KAWANO Shigeyuki
• 金额: $ 9.86万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15370027/
• 关键词: Maternal inheritance; Mitochondria; Chloroplast; Preferential digestion; Nuclease; Physarum polycephalum; Ulva compressa; Silene latifolia; 真正粘菌; 母性遣伝; ヒラアオノリ; ヒロハノマンテマ; Enteromorpha compressa; Silence latifolia

Mitochondria contain their own genomes, which are transmitted either uniparentally or maternally in diverse taxa of sexual eukaryotes, including higher plants, mosses, ferns, algae, fungi, and animals, including humans. Mitochondria are known to be inherited strictly maternally in many species. However, the molecular mechanism underlying uniparental inheritance remains unclear.When zygotes of the isogamous protest Physarum polycephalum were stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), fluorescence from half of the total mitochondrial nucleoids (mtDNA-containing areas) decreased simultaneously to small spots about 1 h after nuclear fusion. The fluorescence disappeared completely after another 30 min, while the other nucleoids and all of the mitochondrial sheaths remained unchanged. PCR analysis of single zygote cells confirmed that the loss was limited to the mtDNA from one parent. The vacant mitochondrial sheaths were gradually eliminated by 60 h after mating. Multiple mating typ … More es occur in Physarum. Transmission patterns of mtDNA were examined in all possible crosses between 16 strains with matA1, matA2, matA11, matA12, matA15 or matA16. In 39 of 60 crosses, strict uniparental inheritance was confirmed in accordance with a hierarchy of relative sexuality of multiallelic matA. We have confirmed that active, selective digestion of mtDNA from one parent in Ulva compressa and Silene latifolia.The active, selective digestion of mtDNA from one parent is a possible molecular mechanism for the uniparental inheritance of mtDNA. We identified two novel nucleases using DNA zymography with native-PAGE and SDS-PAGE. One is a Ca^<2+>-dependent, high-molecular-weight nuclease complex (about 670 kDa), and the other is a Mn^<2+>-dependent, high-molecular-weight nuclease complex (440-670 kDa) ; the activity of the latter was detected as a Mn^<2+>-dependent, 13-kDa DNase band on SDS-PAGE. All mitochondria isolated from myxamoebae had mt-nucleoids, whereas half of the mitochondria isolated from the zygotes at 12 h after mixing had lost the mt-nucleoids. The activity of the Mn^<2+>-dependent nuclease in the isolated mitochondria was detected at least 8 h after mixing of two strains. The timing and localization of the Mn^<2+>-dependent DNase activity matched the selective digestion of mtDNA. Less

线粒体含有自己的基因组，在多种有性真核生物类群中单亲或母系传播，包括高等植物、苔藓、蕨类、藻类、真菌和动物，包括人类，已知线粒体在许多物种中是严格母系遗传的。然而，单亲遗传的分子机制仍不清楚。当同配性抗议多头绒泡菌的受精卵被染色时4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚（DAPI），核融合后约1小时，一半线粒体总核（含mtDNA的区域）的荧光同时减弱为小斑点，又30分钟后荧光完全消失。对单个受精卵细胞的其他核仁和所有线粒体鞘保持不变，证实损失仅限于一个亲本的线粒体DNA。交配后 60 小时，鞘逐渐消失。在 60 株中的 39 株中，对 16 个菌株与 matA1、matA2、matA11、matA12、matA15 或 matA16 之间所有可能的杂交进行了 mtDNA 传播模式的检查。杂交，根据多等位基因 matA 的相对性别等级证实了严格的单亲遗传。主动、选择性消化来自石莼和 Silene latifolia 的一个亲本的 mtDNA。来自一个亲本的 mtDNA 的主动、选择性消化是 mtDNA 单亲遗传的一种可能的分子机制。一种是Ca^2+依赖性的高分子量核酸酶复合物(约670kDa)，另一种是SDS-PAGE。 Mn^2+依赖性的高分子量核酸酶复合物(440-670kDa)；后者的活性被检测为SDS-上的Mn^2+依赖性的13kDa DNase带。 PAGE。从 myxamoebae 分离的所有线粒体都具有 mt 核仁，而混合后 12 小时从受精卵分离的线粒体有一半失去了 mt 核仁。混合两种菌株后至少8小时检测到分离的线粒体中的Mn 2+ 依赖性核酸酶的活性。Mn 2+ 依赖性DNA酶活性的时间和定位相匹配。线粒体DNA的选择性消化。

项目成果

真正粘菌ミトコンドリアの母性遺伝・蛋白質核酸酵素増刊号「二層膜オルガネラの遺伝学」

粘菌线粒体、蛋白核酸酶的母系遗传特刊《双层膜细胞器的遗传学》

• 发表时间: 2005
• 作者: Koichi Inoue et al.;河野 重行 (分担執筆)
• 通讯作者: 河野 重行 (分担執筆)

CCLS96.1, a member of a multicopy gene family, may encode a non-coding RNA preferentially transcribed in reproductive organs of Silene latifolia.

• DOI: 10.1093/dnares/10.5.213
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes
• 作者: R. Sugiyama;Y. Kazama;Y. Miyazawa;S. Matsunaga;S. Kawano

Late type of daughter cell wall synthesis in one of the Chlorellaceae, Parachlorella kessleri (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiphyceae).

小球藻科之一的副小球藻（绿藻门，Trebouxiphyceae）中子细胞壁合成的晚期类型。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Planta 47
• 作者: Yamamoto M.;Kurihara I.;Kawano S.
• 通讯作者: Kawano S.

性の起源と進化.シリーズ進化学3「化学進化・細胞進化」

性别的起源与进化。系列进化3“化学进化/细胞进化”

• 发表时间: 2004
• 作者: 河野重行

Sasaki, N.: "Glom is a novel mitochondrial DNA packaging protein in Physarum polycephalum and causes intense chromatin condensation without suppressing DNA functions."Mol.Biol.Cell. 14. 4758-4769 (2003)

Sasaki, N.：“Glom 是多头绒泡菌中一种新型线粒体 DNA 包装蛋白，可引起强烈的染色质浓缩而不抑制 DNA 功能。”Mol.Biol.Cell。